Pillai Viju Vijayan, Siqueira Luiz G, Das Moubani, Kei Tiffany G, Tu Lan N, Herren Anthony W, Phinney Brett S, Cheong Soon Hon, Hansen Peter J, Selvaraj Vimal
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Biol Open. 2019 May 1;8(5):bio037937. doi: 10.1242/bio.037937.
Trophectoderm of blastocysts mediate early events in fetal-maternal communication, enabling implantation and establishment of a functional placenta. Inadequate or impaired developmental events linked to trophoblasts directly impact early embryo survival and successful implantation during a crucial period that corresponds with high incidence of pregnancy losses in dairy cows. As yet, the molecular basis of bovine trophectoderm development and signaling towards initiation of implantation remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed methods for culturing undifferentiated bovine blastocyst-derived trophoblasts and used both transcriptomics and proteomics in early colonies to categorize and elucidate their functional characteristics. A total of 9270 transcripts and 1418 proteins were identified and analyzed based on absolute abundance. We profiled an extensive list of growth factors, cytokines and other relevant factors that can effectively influence paracrine communication in the uterine microenvironment. Functional categorization and analysis revealed novel information on structural organization, extracellular matrix composition, cell junction and adhesion components, transcription networks, and metabolic preferences. Our data showcase the fundamental physiology of bovine trophectoderm and indicate hallmarks of the self-renewing undifferentiated state akin to trophoblast stem cells described in other species. Functional features uncovered are essential for understanding early events in bovine pregnancy towards initiation of implantation.
囊胚的滋养外胚层介导胎儿与母体交流的早期事件，促成植入并建立功能性胎盘。与滋养层相关的发育事件不足或受损，会直接影响早期胚胎存活以及在奶牛妊娠损失高发的关键时期成功植入。迄今为止，牛滋养外胚层发育以及向植入起始信号传导的分子基础仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们开发了培养未分化的牛囊胚来源滋养层细胞的方法，并在早期细胞集落中运用转录组学和蛋白质组学对其功能特征进行分类和阐释。基于绝对丰度共鉴定和分析了9270个转录本和1418种蛋白质。我们分析了一系列能够有效影响子宫微环境中旁分泌交流的生长因子、细胞因子及其他相关因子。功能分类和分析揭示了有关结构组织、细胞外基质组成、细胞连接和黏附成分、转录网络以及代谢偏好的新信息。我们的数据展示了牛滋养外胚层的基本生理学特征，并表明其具有类似于其他物种中描述的滋养层干细胞的自我更新未分化状态的特征。所揭示的功能特征对于理解牛妊娠早期植入起始的事件至关重要。
