Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Cytokine. 2019 Jul;119:188-196. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.03.013. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
Human pregnancy is a state of elevated maternal systemic inflammation, and pregnancy complications are often associated with a dysfunctional immune response. The network of cytokines reflects this complex immune activity, and broad serum cytokine profiling provides a new tool to understand the changes in immune status during pregnancy.
This study aimed to determine how maternal serum cytokine patterns change during the first half of pregnancy.
Maternal peripheral serum samples collected at a mean gestation of 10, 13, 18 and 24 weeks were included from a prospective clinical study of healthy women (n = 110) in first half of normal pregnancy. The serum samples were analysed for 27 different cytokines using multiplex magnetic bead-based immunoassays, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) was analysed by ELISA. Serum cytokine and CRP patterns were explored with linear mixed effects models (LMM) and multilevel partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).
Serum cytokine profiling provided partial overview of the maternal immune status and corresponding reference values for serum cytokine levels during the first half of pregnancy. Several cytokines decreased in concentration from first to second trimester. Cytokine pattern analysis revealed that chemokines provided the most sensitive measurement of variation with gestational age in normal pregnancies. The nine inflammatory cytokines showed the highest intra-group correlation during pregnancy, while CRP levels did not correlate with changes in the inflammatory cytokines.
Chemokines showed the greatest gestational variation and inflammatory cytokines showed a strong intra-group correlation during the first half of pregnancy.
人类妊娠是母体全身炎症水平升高的状态，妊娠并发症常与免疫功能失调有关。细胞因子网络反映了这种复杂的免疫活动，广泛的血清细胞因子谱分析为了解妊娠期间免疫状态的变化提供了新的工具。
本研究旨在确定母体血清细胞因子模式在妊娠前半段期间如何变化。
从正常妊娠前半段的健康妇女前瞻性临床研究中纳入了 110 名女性，在平均妊娠 10、13、18 和 24 周时采集外周血清样本。使用基于多聚磁珠的免疫分析测定血清样本中 27 种不同细胞因子，并用 ELISA 分析高敏 C 反应蛋白（CRP）。使用线性混合效应模型（LMM）和多层次偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）探索血清细胞因子和 CRP 模式。
血清细胞因子谱分析提供了母体免疫状态的部分概述，以及妊娠前半段期间血清细胞因子水平的参考值。从第一到第二孕期，几种细胞因子的浓度降低。细胞因子模式分析表明，趋化因子对正常妊娠中与胎龄相关的变化提供了最敏感的测量。在正常妊娠期间，九个炎症细胞因子表现出最高的组内相关性，而 CRP 水平与炎症细胞因子的变化无关。
趋化因子在妊娠前半段显示出最大的妊娠变化，而炎症细胞因子在妊娠期间表现出强烈的组内相关性。
