Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jul 1;672:23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.495. Epub 2019 Apr 1.
Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) are a class of anthropogenic antioxidants that are widely used in a large variety of commercial products. Although several SPAs have been listed as targets for risk assessment by Environment and Climate Change Canada, little data are available on the occurrence of SPAs in the Canadian environment. In this study, eighty-three indoor dust samples were collected from offices and homes in Toronto. Eight SPAs were detected at concentrations ranging from 67.2 to 1.55e4 ng/g, with a geometric mean (GM) concentration of 1.49e3 ng/g, among which 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) was the primary congener and had a GM concentration of 658 ng/g. Four BHT transformation products (TPs) were also detected in the indoor dust samples, with concentrations ranging from 40.4 to 1.27e4 ng/g and a GM concentration of 883 ng/g. No significant concentration difference was observed between the office and home dust samples for either the summed target SPA or TP concentrations (p > 0.05). The calculated estimated daily intakes of these chemical contaminants (0.004-10.0 ng/kg BW/day) suggest that they pose no immediate health risk to the Canadian population. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of these chemical contaminants and their transformation products in Canadian indoor environments, and furthermore the first detection of 4-tert-butyl-phenol in an environmental sample.
合成酚类抗氧化剂（SPAs）是一类人为合成的抗氧化剂，广泛应用于各种商业产品中。尽管加拿大环境和气候变化部已将几种 SPA 列为风险评估的目标，但有关 SPA 在加拿大环境中存在的数据却很少。本研究采集了多伦多市办公室和家庭的 83 份室内灰尘样本。在这些样本中检测到 8 种 SPA，浓度范围为 67.2 至 1.55e4ng/g，几何平均值（GM）浓度为 1.49e3ng/g，其中 2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚（BHT）是主要同系物，浓度为 658ng/g。在室内灰尘样本中还检测到 4 种 BHT 转化产物（TPs），浓度范围为 40.4 至 1.27e4ng/g，GM 浓度为 883ng/g。办公室和家庭灰尘样本中，目标 SPA 或 TP 浓度的总和均未观察到显著的浓度差异（p>0.05）。这些化学污染物的估算日摄入量（0.004-10.0ng/kg BW/day）表明，它们不会对加拿大人群造成即时健康风险。据我们所知，这是加拿大室内环境中首次报道这些化学污染物及其转化产物的存在情况，也是首次在环境样本中检测到 4-叔丁基苯酚。
