Sattar Schroder, Kenis Cindy, Haase Kristen, Burhenn Peggy, Stolz-Baskett Petra, Milisen Koen, Ayala Ana Patricia, Puts Martine T E
College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, Canada.
University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
J Geriatr Oncol. 2020 Jan;11(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.03.020. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
Falls are a major health issue in older adults and are of greater concern among those with cancer due to effects of cancer and its treatments. This paper provides an overview of current literature on fall screening/assessment and interventions and a succinct summary of recommendations for oncology nurses to support this vulnerable population.
A comprehensive search for literature reviews on falls was conducted in Medline and CINAHL. A comprehensive Internet search was also performed for known guidelines on fall prevention and/or management published within the past 10 years. Search results were compared, contrasted, and summarized to develop clinical recommendations for nurses working with older adults with cancer. Levels of evidence were reported based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine.
Six guidelines and 17 systematic reviews were identified. Having a history of falls was the most commonly identified fall risk factor/predictor. Multifactorial intervention and exercise appear to be the most commonly recommended. No fall assessment tools were consistently recommended as a reliable means of identifying those at risk for falls.
Assessing older patients for falls and fall risks is an important first step to identify those who may require further follow-up and intervention. Oncology nurses play a key role in optimizing health outcomes of older adults with cancer - through the use of evidence-based information, such as presented in this publication - and have the capacity to help reduce fall risks during and after treatment through information provision, advocacy, support, and promotion of physical activity.
跌倒在老年人中是一个主要的健康问题，由于癌症及其治疗的影响，在癌症患者中更受关注。本文概述了当前关于跌倒筛查/评估及干预的文献，并简要总结了针对肿瘤护理人员的建议，以支持这一弱势群体。
在Medline和CINAHL中全面检索关于跌倒的文献综述。还在互联网上全面搜索了过去10年内发布的已知的跌倒预防和/或管理指南。对搜索结果进行比较、对比和总结，以制定针对照顾老年癌症患者的护士的临床建议。根据牛津循证医学中心报告证据水平。
确定了6项指南和17项系统评价。有跌倒史是最常被确定的跌倒风险因素/预测指标。多因素干预和运动似乎是最常被推荐的。没有一种跌倒评估工具被一致推荐为识别跌倒风险人群的可靠方法。
评估老年患者的跌倒情况和跌倒风险是识别那些可能需要进一步随访和干预的患者的重要第一步。肿瘤护理人员在优化老年癌症患者的健康结局方面发挥着关键作用——通过使用本出版物中提供的循证信息——并且有能力通过提供信息、宣传、支持和促进身体活动来帮助降低治疗期间和治疗后的跌倒风险。
