Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Cancer Lett. 2019 Aug 1;456:23-28. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.050. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
As a new hallmark of cancer, immune surveillance evading plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. Through modulating the immune checkpoints, immune cells in tumor microenvironment can be harnessed to battle cancer cells. In recent years, the administration of anti-CTLA or/and anti-PD-1/L1 antibody has exhibited unexpected antitumor effect in multiple types of cancer, motivating the researchers to find more potential immune checkpoints as clinical targets. A wealth of clinical trials have been done to evaluate the safety and efficacy of monotherapy or combination therapy with immune checkpoint modulators. However, there still exist problems such as low response rate and adverse events in the clinical, which in turn leads us to the basic study. The better understanding of the crosstalk between the immune cells and the cancer cells within the microenvironment may inspire us new ideas for cancer treatment. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances in application of immune checkpoint modulators and the combination rationales, and discuss the problems existing in the precision therapy with immune checkpoint modulators.
作为癌症的一个新标志，免疫监视逃避在肿瘤发生中起着关键作用。通过调节免疫检查点，肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞可以被利用来对抗癌细胞。近年来，抗 CTLA 或/和抗 PD-1/L1 抗体的给药在多种类型的癌症中表现出意想不到的抗肿瘤作用，促使研究人员寻找更多潜在的免疫检查点作为临床靶点。已经进行了大量的临床试验来评估免疫检查点调节剂的单药或联合治疗的安全性和有效性。然而，在临床中仍然存在反应率低和不良反应等问题，这反过来又促使我们进行基础研究。更好地了解免疫细胞与微环境中的癌细胞之间的相互作用可能会为癌症治疗带来新的思路。在这篇综述中，我们主要总结了免疫检查点调节剂的应用和联合治疗的最新进展，并讨论了免疫检查点调节剂的精准治疗中存在的问题。
