Département Homme & Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7194, CNRS, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France.
Archaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, The Philippines.
Nature. 2019 Apr;568(7751):181-186. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1067-9. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
A hominin third metatarsal discovered in 2007 in Callao Cave (Northern Luzon, the Philippines) and dated to 67 thousand years ago provided the earliest direct evidence of a human presence in the Philippines. Analysis of this foot bone suggested that it belonged to the genus Homo, but to which species was unclear. Here we report the discovery of twelve additional hominin elements that represent at least three individuals that were found in the same stratigraphic layer of Callao Cave as the previously discovered metatarsal. These specimens display a combination of primitive and derived morphological features that is different from the combination of features found in other species in the genus Homo (including Homo floresiensis and Homo sapiens) and warrants their attribution to a new species, which we name Homo luzonensis. The presence of another and previously unknown hominin species east of the Wallace Line during the Late Pleistocene epoch underscores the importance of island Southeast Asia in the evolution of the genus Homo.
2007 年在菲律宾北吕宋的卡劳洞穴（Callao Cave）发现的一块人科第三跖骨，其年代可追溯到 6.7 万年前，为人类最早在菲律宾出现提供了直接证据。对这块足骨的分析表明它属于人属，但属于哪个物种尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告了另外 12 个人类遗骸的发现，这些遗骸至少代表了 3 个人，它们与之前在卡劳洞穴中发现的跖骨位于同一地层。这些标本显示出的形态特征组合既有原始特征，也有衍生特征，与该属中其他物种（包括弗洛里斯人（Homo floresiensis）和智人（Homo sapiens））的特征组合不同，因此将其归为一个新物种，我们将其命名为吕宋人（Homo luzonensis）。在更新世晚期，华莱士线以东地区存在另一个以前未知的人科物种，这突显了岛屿东南亚在人属进化中的重要性。
