Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Nov;234(11):19256-19270. doi: 10.1002/jcp.28558. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
Pulmonary disease is a worldwide public health problem that reduces the life quality and increases the need for hospital admissions as well as the risk of premature death. A common problem is the significant shortage of lungs for transplantation as well as patients must also take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of their lives to keep the immune system from attacking transplanted organs. Recently, a new strategy has been proposed in the cellular engineering of lung tissue as decellularization approaches. The main components for the lung tissue engineering are: (1) A suitable biological or synthetic three-dimensional (3D) scaffold, (2) source of stem cells or cells, (3) growth factors required to drive cell differentiation and proliferation, and (4) bioreactor, a system that supports a 3D composite biologically active. Although a number of synthetic as well biological 3D scaffold suggested for lung tissue engineering, the current favorite scaffold is decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold. There are a large number of commercial and academic made bioreactors, the favor has been, the one easy to sterilize, physiologically stimuli and support active cell growth as well as clinically translational. The challenges would be to develop a functional lung will depend on the endothelialized microvascular network and alveolar-capillary surface area to exchange gas. A critical review of the each components of lung tissue engineering is presented, following an appraisal of the literature in the last 5 years. This is a multibillion dollar industry and consider unmet clinical need.
肺部疾病是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，它降低了生活质量，增加了住院治疗的需求，并增加了过早死亡的风险。一个常见的问题是可用于移植的肺部显著短缺，而且患者还必须终身服用免疫抑制药物，以防止免疫系统攻击移植器官。最近，在肺组织的细胞工程中提出了一种新的策略，即脱细胞化方法。肺组织工程的主要成分包括：（1）合适的生物或合成三维（3D）支架，（2）干细胞或细胞来源，（3）驱动细胞分化和增殖所需的生长因子，以及（4）生物反应器，这是一个支持 3D 复合生物活性的系统。尽管已经有许多合成和生物 3D 支架被提议用于肺组织工程，但目前最受欢迎的支架是脱细胞细胞外基质支架。有大量的商业和学术制造的生物反应器，其中最受欢迎的是易于消毒、生理刺激和支持细胞活性以及具有临床转化潜力的生物反应器。开发功能性肺的挑战将取决于内皮化的微血管网络和肺泡-毛细血管表面积以进行气体交换。本文对肺组织工程的各个组成部分进行了综述，对过去 5 年的文献进行了评估。这是一个价值数十亿美元的产业，考虑到未满足的临床需求。
