Schucan Bird Karen, Shemilt Ian
EPPI Centre, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK.
Crim Behav Ment Health. 2019 Jun;29(3):142-156. doi: 10.1002/cbm.2112. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
Prearrest diversion strategies are being adopted across the Western world, enabling the police to identify and divert people suspected of having mental disorder towards health and community services rather than the criminal justice system.
To quantify longer-term criminal justice and mental health outcomes after prearrest diversion of people with suspected mental disorder and consider economic correlates.
A systematic review of published literature on longer term outcomes after prearrest diversion.
Only two quasi-experimental studies, with four independent samples, could be included. Findings for criminal and mental health outcomes were inconclusive, but potential for adverse outcomes was identified. Ten studies with cost data suggested that prearrest diversion can lead to overall cost savings.
There is still inadequate evidence on which to base prearrest diversion programmes. Although some benefits have been identified by the review, so have possible harms. Future research and funding strategies must build in high-quality, systematic evaluation of outcomes before implementing a theoretically attractive strategy more widely.
西方世界正在采用逮捕前分流策略，使警方能够识别出疑似患有精神障碍的人，并将其转介至卫生和社区服务机构，而非刑事司法系统。
量化疑似精神障碍患者在逮捕前被分流后的长期刑事司法和心理健康结果，并探讨相关经济因素。
对已发表的关于逮捕前分流后长期结果的文献进行系统综述。
仅纳入了两项有四个独立样本的准实验研究。关于刑事和心理健康结果的研究结果尚无定论，但已发现存在不良结果的可能性。十项有成本数据的研究表明，逮捕前分流可带来总体成本节约。
目前仍缺乏足够的证据来支持逮捕前分流项目。尽管该综述已发现了一些益处，但也发现了可能的危害。未来的研究和资金战略必须在更广泛地实施理论上有吸引力的策略之前，对结果进行高质量、系统的评估。
