United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA.
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Sep;51(9):1954-1960. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002002.
The load carriage decision aid (LCDA) walking equation was developed from literature-aggregated group mean data to calculate standing and level walking energy expenditures in healthy, military-age adults. The LCDA walking equation has not been validated for use in individuals or graded walking.
We aimed to validate the LCDA walking equation as a predictor of standing and level walking energy expenditure in individuals and expand to a new graded walking equation for uphill and downhill walking.
We compiled standing, level walking, and graded walking energy expenditures measured in 95 participants from 11 studies. Walking speeds reached up to 1.96 m·s with grades ranging between -40% and 45%. The LCDA walking equation was validated against the aggregated standing and level walking data. The new LCDA graded walking equation was developed and cross-validated on the graded walking trials. We compared each equation against four reference predictive equations with the standard error of estimation (SEE) as the primary criterion.
The LCDA walking equation accurately estimated standing and level walking energy expenditure (bias, -0.02 ± 0.20 W·kg; SEE, 0.20 W·kg). Addition of the novel grade term resulted in precise estimates of uphill and downhill walking energy expenditure (bias, 0.09 ± 0.40 W·kg; SEE, 0.42 W·kg).
The LCDA walking equation is a valid predictor of standing and walking energy expenditure in healthy, military-age individuals. We developed a novel grade term for estimating both uphill and downhill walking energy expenditure with a single equation. Practitioners can use the new LCDA graded walking equation to calculate energy expenditure during standing as well as walking on level, uphill, and downhill slopes.
载具负荷决策辅助（LCDA）步行方程是从文献汇总的组平均值数据中开发出来的，用于计算健康的、军事年龄成年人的站立和水平步行能量消耗。LCDA 步行方程尚未经过验证，不能用于个体或分级步行。
我们旨在验证 LCDA 步行方程作为个体站立和水平步行能量消耗的预测因子，并扩展到用于上坡和下坡步行的新分级步行方程。
我们从 11 项研究中汇编了 95 名参与者的站立、水平步行和分级步行能量消耗数据。步行速度高达 1.96 m·s，坡度范围在-40%至 45%之间。LCDA 步行方程与汇总的站立和水平步行数据进行了验证。新的 LCDA 分级步行方程在分级步行试验中进行了开发和交叉验证。我们将每个方程与四个参考预测方程进行了比较，以估计误差（SEE）作为主要标准。
LCDA 步行方程准确估计了站立和水平步行的能量消耗（偏差，-0.02 ± 0.20 W·kg；SEE，0.20 W·kg）。添加新的坡度项后，能够精确估计上坡和下坡步行的能量消耗（偏差，0.09 ± 0.40 W·kg；SEE，0.42 W·kg）。
LCDA 步行方程是健康的、军事年龄个体站立和行走能量消耗的有效预测因子。我们开发了一个新的坡度项，用于用单个方程估计上坡和下坡步行的能量消耗。从业者可以使用新的 LCDA 分级步行方程来计算站立和水平、上坡和下坡的能量消耗。
