López Daniel, Barriga Alejandro, Lorente Elena, Mir Carmen
Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain.
J Clin Med. 2019 Apr 10;8(4):486. doi: 10.3390/jcm8040486.
Accurate antiviral humoral and cellular immune responses require prior recognition of antigenic peptides presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Both the helper and the cytotoxic immune responses are critical for the control and the clearance of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) infection, which is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infected pediatric, immunocompromised and elderly populations. In this article we review the immunoproteomics studies which have defined the general antigen processing and presentation rules that determine both the immunoprevalence and the immunodominance of the cellular immune response to HRSV. Mass spectrometry and functional analyses have shown that the HLA class I and II cellular immune responses against HRSV are mainly focused on three viral proteins: fusion, matrix, and nucleoprotein. Thus, these studies have important implications for vaccine development against this virus, since a vaccine construct including these three relevant HRSV proteins could efficiently stimulate the major components of the adaptive immune system: humoral, helper, and cytotoxic effector immune responses.
准确的抗病毒体液免疫和细胞免疫反应需要预先识别抗原呈递细胞表面由人类白细胞抗原（HLA）I类和II类分子呈递的抗原肽。辅助性免疫反应和细胞毒性免疫反应对于控制和清除人呼吸道合胞病毒（HRSV）感染都至关重要，HRSV感染是感染儿童、免疫功能低下者和老年人发病和死亡的重要原因。在本文中，我们综述了免疫蛋白质组学研究，这些研究确定了决定针对HRSV的细胞免疫反应的免疫流行率和免疫优势的一般抗原加工和呈递规则。质谱分析和功能分析表明，针对HRSV的HLA I类和II类细胞免疫反应主要集中在三种病毒蛋白上：融合蛋白、基质蛋白和核蛋白。因此，这些研究对针对该病毒的疫苗开发具有重要意义，因为包含这三种相关HRSV蛋白的疫苗构建体可以有效刺激适应性免疫系统的主要组成部分：体液免疫、辅助性免疫和细胞毒性效应免疫反应。
