Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, 784028, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jun;26(16):16331-16344. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05026-z. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
Methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) are two important greenhouse gases (GHG) and contribute largely to global warming and climate change. The impact of physiological characteristics of rice genotypes on global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) is not well documented. A 2-year field experiment was conducted with eight summer rice varieties: Dinanath, Joymoti, Kanaklata, Swarnabh, IR 64, Tapaswami (modern varieties), Number 9, and Jagilee Boro (indigenous varieties) for two successive seasons (December-June, 2015-2016 and December-June, 2016-2017) to estimate their GWP and GHGI. The GWP of the rice varieties ranged from 841.52 to 1288.67 kg CO-equiv. ha and GHGI from 0.184 to 0.854 kg CO-equiv. kg grain yield. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in seasonal GHG emission, GWP, GHGI, CEE (carbon equivalent emission), photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and grain productivity among the rice varieties were observed during the investigation. A good correlation of GWP (p < 0.01) was recorded with rate of stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of the varieties. The present study reveals a strong relationship between plant biomass (p < 0.01) with GWP and CEE of the rice varieties. The variety IR 64 and Number 9 are identified as the most suitable variety with lowest GWP (909.85 and 876.68 kg CO-equiv. ha respectively) and GHGI (0.192 and 0.227 kg CO-equiv. kg grain yield respectively) accompanied by higher grain productivity (4839 and 3867 kg ha respectively). Observations from the study suggest that agricultural productivity and GHG mitigation can be simultaneously achieved by proper selection of rice genotypes.
甲烷（CH）和氧化亚氮（NO）是两种重要的温室气体（GHG），对全球变暖及气候变化有重要影响。然而，水稻基因型的生理特性对全球变暖潜势（GWP）和温室气体强度（GHGI）的影响还没有得到很好的记录。本研究在两个连续的季节（2015-2016 年和 2016-2017 年）进行了为期两年的田间试验，用 8 个夏稻品种：Dinanath、Joymoti、Kanaklata、Swarnabh、IR 64、Tapaswami（现代品种）、Number 9 和 Jagilee Boro（本地品种）来估计它们的 GWP 和 GHGI。结果表明，水稻品种的 GWP 范围为 841.52 至 1288.67 kg CO-equiv. ha，GHGI 范围为 0.184 至 0.854 kg CO-equiv. kg 籽粒产量。研究期间，观察到不同水稻品种在季节温室气体排放、GWP、GHGI、CEE（碳当量排放）、光合效率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和籽粒生产力方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。GWP 与品种的气孔导度和蒸腾速率呈极显著正相关（p<0.01）。本研究揭示了植物生物量与水稻品种 GWP 和 CEE 之间的强相关性。IR 64 和 Number 9 品种被认为是最适宜的品种，具有最低的 GWP（分别为 909.85 和 876.68 kg CO-equiv. ha）和 GHGI（分别为 0.192 和 0.227 kg CO-equiv. kg 籽粒产量），同时具有较高的籽粒生产力（分别为 4839 和 3867 kg ha）。研究结果表明，通过适当选择水稻基因型，可以同时提高农业生产力和减少温室气体排放。
