Center for Built Environment, The Built Environment Department, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
Department of Water Resources, Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
Environ Res. 2019 Jun;173:452-461. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.042. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Exposure to fine particles in the atmosphere can adversely affect health and even lead to premature death. Recently, South Korea has attracted attention because of its rapid increase in the concentration of Particulate Matter (PM).
We estimated the economic benefits of reducing PM in Seoul, South Korea, based on MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). Based on the retrieved PM data, we estimated its effects on overall health in each district of Seoul, Korea between 2014 and 2015.
The relationships between MODIS AOD and ground-based PM data were identified in different seasons in South Korea between 2012 and 2013 using the linear regression model. The health benefits were estimated by the Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (Benmap) using the scenarios from the World Health Organization (WHO).
The correlation between MODIS AOD and PM concentration differed with the season. There was a higher correlation between MODIS AOD and PM concentration in winter (R = 0.57) than there was in other seasons. Based on the MODIS AOD, the average annual PM concentration in Seoul was higher in 2014 than it was in 2015, at values of 45.7 μg/m, and 41.6 μg/m, respectively. The greatest economic benefit of reducing PM concentration (WHO annual standard of 20 μg/m) was in 2014. This benefit was estimated to be 7022 (95% CI: 599, 20496), 2617 (95% CI: 216, 7750), and 1328 (95% CI: -159, 4679) billion KRW for all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortalities in 2014 and 2015, respectively.
These results demonstrate that, despite considerable improvements in air quality in recent decades, there is still a need for countermeasures to prevent economic loss due to air pollution in Seoul.
大气中细颗粒物的暴露会对健康造成不利影响，甚至导致过早死亡。最近，韩国由于细颗粒物（PM）浓度的快速增加而受到关注。
我们基于中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）气溶胶光学深度（AOD）来估算韩国首尔降低 PM 的经济效益。根据检索到的 PM 数据，我们估算了 2014 年至 2015 年期间韩国首尔每个区的整体健康状况。
我们使用线性回归模型确定了 2012 年至 2013 年期间韩国不同季节 MODIS AOD 与地面 PM 数据之间的关系。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）的情景，通过效益映射和分析程序（Benmap）来估算健康效益。
MODIS AOD 与 PM 浓度之间的相关性因季节而异。冬季 MODIS AOD 与 PM 浓度之间的相关性更高（R=0.57），而其他季节则较低。基于 MODIS AOD，首尔的 PM 浓度平均值在 2014 年高于 2015 年，分别为 45.7μg/m 和 41.6μg/m。降低 PM 浓度（WHO 年标准 20μg/m）的最大经济效益出现在 2014 年。2014 年，这一效益估计为 7022（95%置信区间：599，20496）、2617（95%置信区间：216，7750）和 1328（95%置信区间：-159，4679）亿韩元，分别用于全因、心血管和呼吸道死亡率。
尽管近几十年来空气质量有了显著改善，但仍需要采取对策，以防止首尔因空气污染造成经济损失。
