Desrochers Phillip, Brunfeldt Alexander, Sidiropoulos Christos, Kagerer Florian
Dept. of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Dept. of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Brain Sci. 2019 Apr 11;9(4):79. doi: 10.3390/brainsci9040079.
This is an overview of the sensorimotor impairments in dystonia, a syndrome characterized by sustained or intermittent aberrant movement patterns leading to abnormal movements and/or postures with or without a tremulous component. Dystonia can affect the entire body or specific body regions and results from a plethora of etiologies, including subtle changes in gray and white matter in several brain regions. Research over the last 25 years addressing topics of sensorimotor control has shown functional sensorimotor impairments related to sensorimotor integration, timing, oculomotor and head control, as well as upper and lower limb control. In the context of efforts to update the classification of dystonia, sensorimotor research is highly relevant for a better understanding of the underlying pathology, and potential mechanisms contributing to global and regional dysfunction within the central nervous system. This overview of relevant research regarding sensorimotor control in humans with idiopathic dystonia attempts to frame the dysfunction with respect to what is known regarding motor control in patients and healthy individuals. We also highlight promising avenues for the future study of neuromotor control that may help to further elucidate dystonia etiology, pathology, and functional characteristics.
本文概述了肌张力障碍中的感觉运动障碍。肌张力障碍是一种综合征，其特征为持续或间歇性的异常运动模式，导致出现异常运动和/或姿势，可伴有或不伴有震颤成分。肌张力障碍可累及全身或特定身体部位，病因众多，包括多个脑区灰质和白质的细微变化。过去25年中针对感觉运动控制主题的研究表明，存在与感觉运动整合、时间控制、眼球运动和头部控制以及上肢和下肢控制相关的功能性感觉运动障碍。在努力更新肌张力障碍分类的背景下，感觉运动研究对于更好地理解潜在病理以及导致中枢神经系统整体和局部功能障碍的潜在机制具有高度相关性。本文对特发性肌张力障碍患者感觉运动控制的相关研究进行概述，试图根据患者和健康个体的运动控制已知情况来阐述功能障碍。我们还强调了神经运动控制未来研究的有前景的途径，这可能有助于进一步阐明肌张力障碍的病因、病理和功能特征。
