Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Occupational Therapy Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48201, USA.
Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Apr 16;19(1):413. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6675-7.
Targeting habit-development (behavioral automaticity) as part of healthy lifestyle behavior change interventions may improve the adoption and maintenance of healthful behaviors. Few studies, however, have evaluated the feasibility of using a habit-development approach to foster the adoption of recommended physical activity and dietary behaviors. We report quantitative and qualitative data from a feasibility study evaluating a habit-formation intervention to foster healthy dietary and physical activity habits among middle aged African Americans with metabolic syndrome.
Using a non-comparative design we evaluated the feasibility an 8-week, hybrid format (telecoaching and face-to-face sessions), habit-focused intervention targeting the development of healthful dietary and physical activity habit development among 24 African Americans aged 40 and older with metabolic syndrome recruited from the emergency department - a setting where individuals in under-resourced communities often go for primary care. We administered behavioral automaticity measures tailored to participants' self-selected habits biweekly during the intervention and collected clinical outcomes of systolic blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, and BMI at baseline week 20.
Participant attrition from the program was high (~ 50%). Despite high levels of attrition, 92% of intervention completers were extremely satisfied with the program. Intervention completers also experienced gains in behavioral automaticity for both dietary and physical activity habits. Overall, higher levels of adherence were associated with higher positive gains in automaticity with the statistical significance of the associations being more pronounced for physical activity habit plans relative to dietary habit plans.
Our preliminary data support a habit-development approach for fostering the adoption of healthful dietary and physical activity habits. However, in this pilot study high rates of attrition were seen, suggesting that strategies to improve retention and participant engagement should be included in future studies, particularly when targeting African American emergency department patients.
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03370419 Registered 12/11/2017, retrospectively registered.
将习惯养成（行为自动性）作为健康生活方式行为改变干预的一部分，可能会提高健康行为的采用和维持率。然而，很少有研究评估使用习惯养成方法来促进推荐的体育活动和饮食行为的采用的可行性。我们报告了一项可行性研究的定量和定性数据，该研究评估了一种习惯形成干预措施，以促进中年非裔美国人代谢综合征患者养成健康的饮食和体育活动习惯。
我们采用非比较设计，评估了一项为期 8 周的混合格式（远程指导和面对面会议）、针对健康饮食和体育活动习惯养成的习惯焦点干预措施的可行性，该干预措施针对的是从急诊室招募的 24 名年龄在 40 岁及以上、患有代谢综合征的非裔美国人，该环境是资源匮乏社区的个人经常寻求初级保健的地方。我们在干预期间每两周对参与者自我选择的习惯进行一次行为自动性测量，并在基线周 20 时收集收缩压、体重、腰围和 BMI 的临床结果。
该项目的参与者流失率很高（约 50%）。尽管流失率很高，但 92%的完成干预的参与者对该项目非常满意。干预完成者的饮食和体育活动习惯的行为自动性也有所提高。总体而言，更高的依从性与自动性的更高正向增益相关，与饮食习惯计划相比，这种关联的统计学意义更为明显。
我们的初步数据支持采用习惯养成方法来促进健康饮食和体育活动习惯的采用。然而，在这项初步研究中，我们观察到了较高的流失率，这表明在未来的研究中应包括提高保留率和参与者参与度的策略，特别是在针对非裔美国急诊患者时。
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT03370419 于 2017 年 12 月 11 日注册，回顾性注册。
