Santos Ronize S, Coelho-Ferreira Márlia, Lima Pedro G C, Magalhães Marcos P
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Botânica, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Campus Dois Irmãos, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2019;91(1):e20170909. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201920170909. Epub 2019 Apr 8.
Multidisciplinary studies including archeology and ethnobotany that seek to understand human interventions on the landscape have obtained important results concerning Amazon biodiversity. This study aims to identify the useful plants in different phytophysiognomies related to archeological sites in the Serra de Carajás, in the state of Pará, as well as expand knowledge of the local flora. Information was collected in 76 parcels located in the influence areas of 15 archaeological sites: 45 in forest vegetation, 30 in canga vegetation and 1 in palm swamps. The species were categorized as either medicinal, food, game attractants, firewood, toxic, ritualistic and material. An assessment of the plants use potential by family was done using regression analysis for the taxa inventoried. All the phytophysiognomies studied in the vicinity of archaeological sites were expressive regarding useful species. The most representative categories were medicinal, material, game attractant, firewood and food. The floristic features related to the use of plant species by family were also expressive for Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Chrysobalanaceae. The phytophysiognomies identified near archaeological sites feature several plant resources in different use categories, highlighting the value of local ecosystems and their potential for human use.
包括考古学和民族植物学在内的多学科研究旨在了解人类对景观的干预，这些研究在亚马逊生物多样性方面取得了重要成果。本研究旨在确定与帕拉州卡拉雅斯山脉考古遗址相关的不同植物群落中的有用植物，并扩展对当地植物群的认识。在位于15个考古遗址影响区域的76个地块中收集了信息：45个在森林植被中，30个在坎加植被中，1个在棕榈沼泽中。这些物种被分类为药用、食用、吸引猎物、柴火、有毒、仪式用和材料用。利用回归分析对所编目的分类群进行了按科评估植物利用潜力的研究。在考古遗址附近研究的所有植物群落中，有用物种都很丰富。最具代表性的类别是药用、材料用、吸引猎物、柴火和食用。与植物科对植物物种的利用相关的植物区系特征在豆科、桃金娘科和金虎尾科中也很显著。在考古遗址附近确定的植物群落具有不同用途类别的多种植物资源，突出了当地生态系统的价值及其对人类利用的潜力。
