Teixeira Sérgio Araujo Martins, Taquette Stella R, Monteiro Denise Leite Maia
Department of Post-Graduation in Medical Sciences, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Institute of Education and Research Teixeira Ramos, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2019 Mar;65(3):475-484. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.3.475. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
To synthesize the knowledge produced in studies about the association between violence and STI during pregnancy.
In this systematic review, we conducted basic activities of identification, compilation, and registration of the trials. The instruments of data collection were studies that investigated, explicitly, relationships between violence, gestation, and STI, from July 2012 to July 2017, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, and LILACS.
In all, 26 articles were chosen to form the basis of the analysis of this study. The relationship between violence and STI was observed in 22 of the 26 studies, and in eight of them, the violence was practiced during the gestation period. In two studies, there was no evidence of this relationship. In one study, the lack of care for STI was attributed to the unpreparedness of health professionals. Mental disorders were cited as resulting from STI in three articles and in another as a result of violence. One study found more frequent violence against adolescents, while two others cited gestation as a protective factor.
IPV combines characteristics that have a different expression when the woman is in the gestational period. The literature points to a relationship between IPV against women and the presence of STI. The monitoring of pregnancy, whether in the prenatal or postpartum period, offers unique opportunities for the health professional to identify situations of violence and thus provide assistance.
综合关于孕期暴力与性传播感染（STI）之间关联的研究所产生的知识。
在这项系统评价中，我们开展了试验的识别、汇编和登记等基础工作。数据收集工具是2012年7月至2017年7月期间利用PubMed、考克兰图书馆、科学电子图书馆在线（SciELO）和拉丁美洲及加勒比地区卫生科学数据库（LILACS）明确调查暴力、妊娠和性传播感染之间关系的研究。
总共挑选了26篇文章作为本研究分析的基础。26项研究中的22项观察到了暴力与性传播感染之间的关系，其中8项研究中的暴力行为发生在妊娠期。两项研究中没有这种关系的证据。一项研究中，对性传播感染缺乏护理归因于卫生专业人员准备不足。在三篇文章中，精神障碍被认为是由性传播感染导致的，在另一篇文章中则被认为是由暴力导致的。一项研究发现针对青少年的暴力行为更为频繁，而另外两项研究则将妊娠视为一个保护因素。
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）在女性孕期时具有不同的表现特征。文献指出针对女性的亲密伴侣暴力与性传播感染的存在之间存在关联。孕期监测，无论是产前还是产后，都为卫生专业人员提供了独特的机会来识别暴力情况并提供援助。
