Substance Use Disorders Institute.
Center for Young Adult Addiction & Recovery.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019 Dec;27(6):530-535. doi: 10.1037/pha0000286. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
Previous research has found language used to describe individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD; e.g., "addict," "substance abuser") contributes to and elicits negative bias among the general public and health care professionals. However, the prevalence in which recovering individuals use these labels to self-identify and the impact of such labels are unknown. The current pilot study, a cross-sectional design, examined the usage of two labels ("addict," "person with a SUD") as well as the differences in recovery outcomes among individuals in recovery. Participants ( = 54) used both labels at high rates ("addict": 66.67%; "person with a SUD": 38.89%), though mutually exclusive use was lower ("addict" only: 35.19%, "person with a SUD" only: 7.5%). Common label use settings included mutual-aid recovery meetings, with friends and family, and on social media. Analysis of variance tests found no statistically significant differences between label groups for recovery capital, self-esteem, internalized stigma and shame, flourishing, or length in recovery. Descriptively, participants using only "person with a SUD" had more positive outcomes, although these individuals also had higher levels of internalized shame. Results suggest that language may have only a marginal impact on individuals in recovery, although professionals and the general public should continue to avoid using stigmatizing labels. Additionally, many individuals in recovery have the ability to discern context and setting, switching between positive and negative labels as appropriate. Future research is warranted given these pilot findings and should focus on long-term impacts of self-labeling and internalized stereotypes among individuals in recovery. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
先前的研究发现，用于描述有物质使用障碍（SUD；例如，“瘾君子”，“药物滥用者”）的个体的语言会引起公众和医疗保健专业人员的负面偏见，并助长这种偏见。但是，尚不清楚康复者使用这些标签来自我认同的普遍程度以及这些标签的影响。当前的试点研究采用横断面设计，考察了两种标签（“瘾君子”，“有 SUD 的人”）的使用情况以及康复者之间的恢复结果差异。参与者（n = 54）高频率地使用这两个标签（“瘾君子”：66.67％；“有 SUD 的人”：38.89％），尽管相互排斥的用法较低（“瘾君子”：35.19％，“有 SUD 的人”：7.5％）。常见的标签使用场景包括互助康复会议、朋友和家人以及社交媒体。方差分析检验发现，在恢复资本、自尊、内化耻辱和羞耻感、繁荣和恢复时间方面，标签组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。描述性地，仅使用“有 SUD 的人”的参与者具有更积极的结果，尽管这些人也有更高水平的内化羞耻感。结果表明，语言可能对康复者的影响只有很小的影响，尽管专业人员和公众应继续避免使用污名化的标签。此外，许多康复者有能力辨别语境和环境，根据需要在积极和消极标签之间切换。鉴于这些试点发现，需要进行进一步的研究，重点关注自我标签和康复者内化刻板印象的长期影响。（APA 心理学数据库记录（c）2019，保留所有权利）。
