Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
Adv Physiol Educ. 2019 Jun 1;43(2):180-190. doi: 10.1152/advan.00211.2018.
Historically, Brazilian higher education teachers' pedagogical training has not been a concern. Even today, a graduate degree is the main requirement to be a faculty member. However, a set of competencies is necessary to teach: pedagogical competency, political competency, and knowledge of specific content. Most graduate training covers only knowledge of specific content. Therefore, this work aimed to outline the profile of basic health sciences faculty members teaching in biomedical and related fields regarding their undergraduate and graduate training, as well as the initial and continued pedagogical training in Brazilian public and private higher education institutions (HEIs). An electronic questionnaire was sent to these professionals, and a total of 763 responses were analyzed (66.4% from public and 33.6% from private HEIs). Compared with private HEI faculty, faculty from public HEIs were more experienced in teaching, and more time had passed since they finished their graduate training. On the other hand, faculty from private HEIs had a more intense undergraduate teaching workload than faculty from public HEIs. Additionally, faculty from private HEIs attended more extensive and more frequent pedagogical training activities (PTAs). Both groups expressed that activities closely related to their classroom practice and recognition for good pedagogical performance were incentives for their participation in PTAs. In conclusion, differences between the faculty from public and private HEIs may be due to the characteristics of HEIs themselves. Hypothetically, private HEIs focus on teaching, which may explain why faculty from these institutions seek improvement in this area, whereas public HEIs focus on research.
历史上，巴西高等教育教师的教学培训并不是一个关注点。即使在今天，研究生学历仍然是成为教师的主要要求。然而，要成为一名教师还需要具备一系列的能力：教学能力、政治能力和特定内容的知识。大多数研究生培训只涵盖特定内容的知识。因此，这项工作旨在概述在生物医学和相关领域教授基础健康科学的教师的本科和研究生培训情况，以及他们在巴西公立和私立高等教育机构（HEIs）中的初始和持续教学培训情况。我们向这些专业人员发送了一份电子问卷，共分析了 763 份回复（公共机构占 66.4%，私立机构占 33.6%）。与私立 HEI 教师相比，公立 HEI 教师的教学经验更丰富，且距离研究生毕业的时间也更长。另一方面，私立 HEI 教师的本科教学工作量比公立 HEI 教师更繁重。此外，私立 HEI 教师参加了更广泛和更频繁的教学培训活动（PTAs）。这两个群体都表示，与课堂实践密切相关且对良好教学表现的认可的活动是他们参加 PTA 的激励因素。总之，公立和私立 HEI 教师之间的差异可能是由于 HEI 本身的特点造成的。假设私立 HEI 更注重教学，这可以解释为什么这些机构的教师会寻求在这方面的改进，而公立 HEI 则更注重研究。
