Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing South Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing South Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, PR China.
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing South Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, PR China.
Cancer Lett. 2019 Jul 10;454:191-203. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.017. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
Cancer immunotherapy holds great potential to battle cancer by exerting a durable immunity effect. However, this process might be limited by various constraints existing in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the lack of available neoantigen, insufficient T cells from the naive repertoire, or immunosuppressive networks in which immunogenic tissue is protected from immune attacks. Certain chemotherapeutic drugs could elicit immune-potentiating effects by either inducing immunogenicity or relieving tumor-induced immunosuppression. Some also leave tumors directly susceptible to cytotoxic T cell attacks. Mounting evidence accumulated from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that these two treatment modalities might be mutually reinforcing as an effective "chemo-immunotherapy" strategy. Herein, we reviewed the latest advances in cancer immunotherapy and related mechanisms involved in chemotherapeutic-mediated immune activation. The emerging combination strategies and synergistic effects in response to chemo-immunotherapy are highlighted. We also discuss the challenges and critical considerations in its future development.
癌症免疫疗法通过发挥持久的免疫效应来对抗癌症具有巨大的潜力。然而，这个过程可能会受到肿瘤微环境（TME）中各种限制的限制，例如缺乏可用的新抗原、幼稚库中数量不足的 T 细胞，或免疫抑制网络，其中免疫原性组织免受免疫攻击。某些化疗药物可以通过诱导免疫原性或缓解肿瘤诱导的免疫抑制来产生免疫增强作用。一些药物还使肿瘤直接易受细胞毒性 T 细胞的攻击。来自临床前和临床研究的大量证据表明，这两种治疗方式可能相互加强，形成有效的“化疗-免疫疗法”策略。本文综述了癌症免疫疗法的最新进展以及化疗介导的免疫激活相关机制。强调了新兴的联合策略和协同效应。我们还讨论了其未来发展的挑战和关键考虑因素。
