Fulminant early-onset neonatal sepsis due to : Case report and review of the literature.

is a rare cause of neonatal sepsis, and it is associated with significant morbidity and a very high fatality rate. The infection is usually acquired intrapartum, from the colonization of the maternal genital tract. Most affected neonates have an early-onset presentation of symptoms, usually within the first 48 hours after birth, which is similar to other causes of neonatal sepsis such as or . However, the virulence seems to be higher for , which has in addition a higher infant invasion/ maternal colonization ratio than . Pneumococcal vaccination has not resulted in a significant decline of neonatal cases. Many cases included ours, involved serotypes not present in the vaccine. Other strategies to protect these infants are necessary. We describe a late preterm infant with a fatal, early-onset sepsis caused by serotype 28 A. Maternal vaginal culture grew the same bacteria.