Singapore University of Social Sciences.
J Psychol. 2019;153(7):680-700. doi: 10.1080/00223980.2019.1598928. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
Using a nationally representative sample ( = 507) from Singapore, this study examined whether personality, financial satisfaction, and autonomy were important to subjective well-being (SWB), and how the importance of these predictors varied across different SWB facets-life satisfaction, happiness, positive feelings, and negative feelings. The findings indicated that neuroticism, financial satisfaction, and autonomy, were important predictors of happiness. Personality was most important for affective well-being (i.e., positive and negative feelings), whereas financial satisfaction was most important for life satisfaction. Specifically, neuroticism accounted for substantial variance in positive and negative feelings, and was the strongest correlate among the Big Five traits. In contrast, financial satisfaction explained most of the variance in life satisfaction. This highlights that the importance of well-being predictors depended on the facet of well-being examined. The findings suggest that residents in an affluent nation like Singapore do not emphasize only postmaterialist values (e.g., autonomy) and disregard materialist concerns (e.g., financial satisfaction). Though certain SWB facets (positive and negative affect) are largely influenced by dispositional factors, other facets (life satisfaction and happiness) are closely related to factors (e.g., financial satisfaction, autonomy) that may be affected by social policies. Policymakers can thus target those aspects to enhance people's SWB.
本研究使用来自新加坡的全国代表性样本( = 507),考察了人格、财务满意度和自主性对主观幸福感(SWB)的重要性,以及这些预测因素对不同 SWB 方面(生活满意度、幸福感、积极情绪和消极情绪)的重要性如何变化。研究结果表明,神经质、财务满意度和自主性是幸福感的重要预测因素。人格对情感幸福感(即积极和消极情绪)最为重要,而财务满意度对生活满意度最为重要。具体而言,神经质在积极和消极情绪方面解释了大量的差异,是五大特质中最强的相关因素。相比之下,财务满意度解释了生活满意度的大部分差异。这突出表明,幸福感预测因素的重要性取决于所考察的幸福感方面。研究结果表明,像新加坡这样富裕的国家的居民并非只强调后物质主义价值观(例如自主性),而忽视物质主义的关注(例如财务满意度)。尽管某些 SWB 方面(积极和消极情绪)主要受性格因素影响,但其他方面(生活满意度和幸福感)与可能受社会政策影响的因素(例如财务满意度、自主性)密切相关。因此,政策制定者可以针对这些方面来提高人们的 SWB。