金黄色葡萄球菌与中性粒细胞:古代战斗的审视。

Staphylococcus aureus versus neutrophil: Scrutiny of ancient combat.

机构信息

Microbiology Research center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

出版信息

Microb Pathog. 2019 Jun;131:259-269. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.04.026. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes many infections and diseases. This pathogen can cause many types of infections such as impetigo, toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST1), pneumonia, endocarditis, and autoimmune diseases like lupus erythematosus and can infect other healthy individuals. In the pathogenic process, colonization is a main risk factor for invasive diseases. Various factors including the cell wall-associated factors and receptors of the epithelial cells facilitate adhesion and colonization of this pathogen. S. aureus has many enzymes, toxins, and strategies to evade from the immune system either by an enzyme that lyses cellular component or by hiding from the immune system via surface antigens like protein A and second immunoglobulin-binding protein (Sbi). The strategies of this bacterium can be divided into five groups: A: Inhibit neutrophil recruitment B: Inhibit phagocytosis C: Inhibit killing by ROS, D: Neutrophil killing, and E: Resistance to antimicrobial peptide. On the other hand, innate immune system via neutrophils, the most important polymorphonuclear leukocytes, fights against bacterial cells by neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). In this review, we try to explain the role of each factor in immune evasion.

摘要

金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)是一种革兰氏阳性细菌,可引起多种感染和疾病。这种病原体可引起多种类型的感染,如脓疱病、中毒性休克综合征毒素(TSST1)、肺炎、心内膜炎和红斑狼疮等自身免疫性疾病,并可感染其他健康个体。在致病过程中,定植是侵袭性疾病的主要危险因素。包括细胞外膜相关因子和上皮细胞受体在内的各种因素有助于该病原体的黏附和定植。金黄色葡萄球菌具有许多酶、毒素和策略,可以通过裂解细胞成分的酶或通过表面抗原(如蛋白 A 和第二免疫球蛋白结合蛋白(Sbi))逃避免疫系统来逃避免疫系统。该细菌的策略可以分为五组:A:抑制中性粒细胞募集;B:抑制吞噬作用;C:抑制 ROS 杀伤;D:中性粒细胞杀伤;E:抵抗抗菌肽。另一方面,通过中性粒细胞,即最重要的多形核白细胞,先天免疫系统通过中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(NET)对抗细菌细胞。在这篇综述中,我们试图解释每个因素在免疫逃避中的作用。

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