美国成年人接受增加身体活动的医学建议的流行率及相关因素：2013-2016 年国家健康和营养调查。
Prevalence and Correlates of Receiving Medical Advice to Increase Physical Activity in U.S. Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016.
机构信息
Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland; U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland.
U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland; NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
出版信息
Am J Prev Med. 2019 Jun;56(6):834-843. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.01.003. Epub 2019 Apr 17.
INTRODUCTION
National objectives recommend healthcare professionals provide physical activity advice. This study examined health and demographic characteristics associated with receipt of medical advice to increase physical activity among U.S. health care-utilizing adults and differences in associations by age group.
METHODS
Analyses included 8,410 health care-utilizing adults aged ≥20 years from the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (analyzed in 2018). Logistic regression was used to examine associations between receipt of medical advice to increase physical activity in the past year and measured health conditions, reported health behaviors, and demographic characteristics. Models were stratified by age group (20-39, 40-59, and ≥60 years).
RESULTS
Physical activity medical advice was received by 42.9% (95% CI=40.8, 44.9) of adults overall. By age group, 32.7% of younger adults, 46.7% of middle-aged adults, and 48.9% of older adults received advice. Among all adults and across all age groups, receipt of advice was higher among adults with chronic health conditions: obesity (63.0%, 95% CI=60.3, 65.7), hypertension (56.5%, 95%=CI 53.8, 59.2), diabetes (69.8%, 95% CI=66.5, 72.8), hypercholesterolemia (55.6%, 95% CI=52.3, 59.0), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (53.8%, 95% CI=50.1, 57.4). Among all adults, those with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes had significantly greater odds of receipt of advice after adjustment. Stronger associations between diabetes and hypercholesterolemia and receiving physical activity advice were observed among younger adults.
CONCLUSIONS
Receipt of physical activity medical advice was highest among adults with specific chronic health conditions, and this pattern was stronger among younger adults with diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. However, most health care-utilizing adults did not receive physical activity medical advice.
介绍
国家目标建议医疗保健专业人员提供身体活动建议。本研究调查了与美国医疗保健利用成年人接受增加身体活动的医疗建议相关的健康和人口统计学特征，并按年龄组比较了关联的差异。
方法
分析包括 2013-2016 年国家健康和营养检查调查（2018 年分析）中 8410 名年龄≥20 岁的医疗保健利用成年人。使用逻辑回归检查过去一年接受增加身体活动的医疗建议与测量的健康状况、报告的健康行为和人口统计学特征之间的关联。模型按年龄组（20-39、40-59 和≥60 岁）分层。
结果
总体而言，42.9%（95%CI=40.8，44.9）的成年人接受了身体活动的医疗建议。按年龄组划分，年轻成年人中有 32.7%，中年成年人中有 46.7%，老年成年人中有 48.9%接受了建议。在所有成年人和所有年龄组中，患有慢性健康状况的成年人接受建议的比例更高：肥胖（63.0%，95%CI=60.3，65.7），高血压（56.5%，95%CI=53.8，59.2），糖尿病（69.8%，95%CI=66.5，72.8），高胆固醇血症（55.6%，95%CI=52.3，59.0），和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（53.8%，95%CI=50.1，57.4）。在所有成年人中，肥胖、高血压和糖尿病患者在调整后接受建议的可能性显著增加。在年轻成年人中，糖尿病和高胆固醇血症与接受身体活动建议之间的关联更强。
结论
在患有特定慢性健康状况的成年人中，接受身体活动医疗建议的比例最高，而在患有糖尿病和高胆固醇血症的年轻成年人中，这种模式更强。然而，大多数医疗保健利用成年人没有接受身体活动的医疗建议。
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