Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Nutr. 2019 May 1;149(5):738-746. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy327.
Animal studies suggest prebiotics can increase iron absorption, but results from human studies are equivocal.
In iron-depleted women, before (baseline) and after daily consumption of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) for 4 wk, we sought to assess fractional iron absorption (FIA) from an iron supplement given with and without single doses of GOS in test meals or water.
In all women (n = 34; median serum ferritin concentration = 16.4 µg/L), FIA from doses of 14 mg iron labeled with stable isotopes was measured in the following conditions at baseline: 1) FIA from ferrous fumarate (FeFum) in water given with and without 15 g GOS; 2) FIA from FeFum in a test meal given with and without 15 g GOS; 3) FIA from ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) in a test meal given without 15 g GOS. All subjects then consumed ∼15 g GOS daily for 4 wk. Then the following conditions were tested: 4) FIA from FeFum in a test meal with and without 15 g GOS; and 5) FIA from FeSO4 in a test meal with 15 g GOS. FIA was measured as erythrocyte incorporation of stable isotopes.
At baseline, GOS significantly increased FIA from FeFum when given with water (+61%; P < 0.001) and the meal (+28%; P = 0.002). After 4 wk of GOS consumption, GOS again significantly increased FIA from FeFum in the meal (+29%; P = 0.044). However, compared with baseline, consumption of GOS for 4 wk did not significantly enhance absorption from FeFum in the meal given without GOS. FIA from FeSO4 given with GOS in a meal after 4 wk of GOS consumption was not significantly greater than FIA from FeSO4 in a meal without GOS at baseline.
In iron-depleted women, GOS given with FeFum increases FIA, but 4 wk of GOS consumption did not enhance this effect. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03325270.
动物研究表明，益生元可以增加铁的吸收，但来自人体研究的结果却存在争议。
在缺铁的女性中，在连续 4 周每天食用半乳糖寡糖（GOS）前后，我们试图评估在测试餐或水中给予铁补充剂时，单次给予 GOS 对铁补充剂的分数铁吸收率（FIA）的影响。
在所有女性（n=34；中位血清铁蛋白浓度=16.4μg/L）中，在以下条件下，用稳定同位素标记的 14mg 铁测量 FIA：1）在水中给予富马酸亚铁（FeFum）时，有无 15g GOS 的 FIA；2）在测试餐中给予 FeFum 时，有无 15g GOS 的 FIA；3）在无 15g GOS 的测试餐中给予硫酸亚铁（FeSO4）时的 FIA。所有受试者随后连续 4 周每天摄入约 15g GOS。然后测试以下条件：4）在有和没有 15g GOS 的测试餐中给予 FeFum 时的 FIA；5）在有 15g GOS 的测试餐中给予 FeSO4 时的 FIA。FIA 以稳定同位素在红细胞中的掺入量来衡量。
在基线时，GOS 与水（+61%；P<0.001）和测试餐（+28%；P=0.002）一起给予时，显著增加了 FeFum 的 FIA。在连续 4 周 GOS 消耗后，GOS 再次显著增加了测试餐中的 FeFum 的 FIA（+29%；P=0.044）。然而，与基线相比，连续 4 周 GOS 消耗并没有显著增加无 GOS 的测试餐中 FeFum 的吸收。在连续 4 周 GOS 消耗后，GOS 与 FeSO4 一起给予测试餐中的 FIA 并不显著大于无 GOS 的测试餐中的 FIA。
在缺铁的女性中，与 FeFum 一起给予 GOS 可增加 FIA，但连续 4 周 GOS 消耗并未增强这种效果。该研究在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT03325270。
