Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Nutr. 2022 Apr 1;152(4):1015-1021. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac003.
Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) increase iron absorption from fortification-level iron doses given as ferrous fumarate (FeFum) in women and children. Whether GOS or other fibers, such as prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and acacia gum, increase iron absorption from higher supplemental doses of FeFum is unclear.
In iron-depleted [serum ferritin (SF) <25 μg/L] women, we tested if oral coadministration of 15 g GOS, FOS, or acacia gum increased iron absorption from a 100 mg Fe supplement given as FeFum.
In a randomized, single-blind, crossover study, 30 women (median age: 26.2 y; median SF: 12.9 μg/L) consumed a 100 mg Fe tablet labeled with 4 mg 57Fe or 58Fe, given with either 1) 15 g GOS; 2) 15 g FOS; 3) 15 g acacia gum; or 4) 6.1 g lactose and 1.5 g sucrose (control; matching the amounts of sucrose and lactose present in the GOS powder providing 15 g GOS), dissolved in water. The primary outcome, fractional iron absorption (FIA), was assessed by erythrocyte isotopic incorporation 14 d after administration. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model. We also tested, in vitro, iron solubility at different pH and dialyzability from the different supplement combinations administered in vivo.
FIA from FeFum given with GOS and FOS was significantly higher (+45% and +51%, respectively; P < 0.001 for both) than control; median [IQR] total iron absorption was 34.6 mg [28.4-49.1 mg], 36.1 mg [29.0-46.2 mg], and 23.9 mg [20.5-34.0 mg], respectively. Acacia gum did not significantly affect FIA from FeFum (P = 0.688). In vitro, iron dialyzability of FeFum + GOS was 46% higher than that of FeFum alone (P = 0.003).
In iron-depleted women, both GOS and FOS coadministration with FeFum increased iron absorption by ∼50% from a 100 mg oral iron dose, resulting in an additional 10-12 mg of absorbed iron. Thus, GOS and FOS may be promising new enhancers of supplemental iron absorption.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04194255.
在妇女和儿童中，益生元半乳糖低聚糖（GOS）可增加硫酸亚铁（FeFum）强化剂量的铁吸收。尚不清楚 GOS 或其他纤维（如益生元果聚糖（FOS）和阿拉伯胶）是否能增加更高剂量的 FeFum 补充剂的铁吸收。
在缺铁的女性（血清铁蛋白（SF）<25μg/L）中，我们测试了口服给予 15g GOS、FOS 或阿拉伯胶是否能增加口服 100mg Fe 补充剂（FeFum）的铁吸收。
在一项随机、单盲、交叉研究中，30 名女性（中位年龄：26.2 岁；中位 SF：12.9μg/L）服用了 100mg Fe 片剂，该片剂用 4mg 57Fe 或 58Fe 标记，同时服用以下 1）15g GOS；2）15g FOS；3）15g 阿拉伯胶；或 4）6.1g 乳糖和 1.5g 蔗糖（对照；与提供 15g GOS 的 GOS 粉末中的蔗糖和乳糖含量相匹配），溶于水。主要结果是红细胞同位素掺入后 14 天的铁吸收率（FIA），通过红细胞同位素掺入后 14 天的红细胞同位素掺入来评估。数据使用线性混合效应模型进行分析。我们还在体内给予不同补充剂组合后，在体外测试了不同 pH 值下的铁溶解度和可透析性。
与对照组相比，GOS 和 FOS 与 FeFum 联合使用时的 FIA 显著增加（分别增加了+45%和+51%；均 P<0.001）；中位数[IQR]总铁吸收分别为 34.6mg[28.4-49.1mg]、36.1mg[29.0-46.2mg]和 23.9mg[20.5-34.0mg]。阿拉伯胶对 FeFum 的 FIA 没有显著影响（P=0.688）。体外，GOS 与 FeFum 联合使用时的铁可透析性比单独使用 FeFum 时高 46%（P=0.003）。
在缺铁的女性中，GOS 和 FOS 与 FeFum 联合使用均可使 100mg 口服铁剂量的铁吸收增加约 50%，从而额外增加 10-12mg 吸收的铁。因此，GOS 和 FOS 可能是补充铁吸收的有前途的新增强剂。这项试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT04194255。
