Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Research Centre of Tropic and Subtropic Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR999077, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2019 Jul;227:496-504. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.069. Epub 2019 Apr 10.
Wetland plants are proven to perform well in water treatment. However, the phytoremediation capability of wetland plants for antibiotics, especially the uptake and metabolism involved in vivo, is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the removal, uptake, and specific metabolism by Canna indica and Iris pseudacorus of five sulfonamides (SAs) using hydroponic experiments for seven days. The removal of SAs ranged from 15.2% to 98.4% in the planted groups, whereas that in the unplanted control group was much lower (12.6%-39.9%). The accumulation of SAs in plants was in a concentration-dependent manner via an active process and is not a major removal mechanism (constituted 0.31%-3.62% of the total removal load in plant system). The results also showed differences in the removal and accumulation by plant species of SAs. The acetyl conjugates (N-acetyl SA) were formed, which significantly enhanced the uptake of SAs (P < 0.001) except sulfapyridine. The concentrations of N-acetyl SA accounted for only 0.4%-23.8% of the total SAs distribution in plants, suggesting the involvement of other metabolism pathways. Methylation and oxidation metabolites were identified in plant tissues and no SA-induced growth stress occurred, revealing that antibiotic metabolism in vivo should be associated with the ability of wetland plants to accumulate antibiotic and tolerate antibiotic stress.
湿地植物已被证实能有效处理污水。然而，湿地植物对抗生素的植物修复能力，尤其是体内的吸收和代谢过程，仍知之甚少。本研究采用水培实验，在七天内研究了美人蕉和黄菖蒲对五种磺胺类抗生素（SAs）的去除、吸收和特定代谢作用。种植组中 SAs 的去除率在 15.2%-98.4%之间，而未种植对照组的去除率则低得多（12.6%-39.9%）。SAs 在植物体内的积累是通过主动过程进行的，且浓度依赖性的，不是主要的去除机制（在植物系统的总去除负荷中占 0.31%-3.62%）。研究结果还表明，不同植物物种对 SAs 的去除和积累能力存在差异。形成了乙酰化产物（N-乙酰磺胺），除了磺胺吡啶外，这显著增强了 SAs 的吸收（P<0.001）。N-乙酰磺胺的浓度仅占植物中总 SAs 分布的 0.4%-23.8%，表明可能存在其他代谢途径。在植物组织中鉴定出了甲基化和氧化代谢产物，且未观察到磺胺类抗生素诱导的生长胁迫，表明体内抗生素代谢与湿地植物积累抗生素和耐受抗生素胁迫的能力有关。
