Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Life and Health of River&Lake, Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510611, China.
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
Water Res. 2021 Jun 15;198:117145. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117145. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
Phytoremediation has been proven to be an alternative in-situ treatment technique for sulfonamide polluted wastewater. However, the fate of sulfonamides in the phytoremediation process of multiple sulfonamides coexistence is unclear. Therefore, the possibility and mechanism of phytoremediation of ten sulfonamides by different wetland plants through hydroponics were investigated in this study. The phytoremediation rates of Σsulfonamides by different wetland plants were from 44.5% to 56.9%. Mass balance analysis showed that rhizosphere biodegradation (90.2% - 92.2%) dominated the phytoremediation of Σsulfonamides, while hydrolysis (7.63% - 8.95%) and plant uptake (0.05% - 0.17%) accounted for a small proportion. It is worth mentioning that the dissipation of the target sulfonamides in the hydroponic system followed the first-order reaction kinetic model, with half-lives of 13.3 d to 53.3 d, which are close to or even lower than that of aerobic biodegradation in river water, sediment, and piggery wastewater. Six of the ten spiked sulfonamides were detected in plant samples demonstrated that the selective uptake of plants under the coexistence of multiple sulfonamides. The distribution of sulfonamides (concentrations and uptake amounts) in plant tissues followed the sequence of root > stem > leaf in this study, but the distribution in stems and leaves needs further study. The uptake and rhizosphere biodegradation of Cyperus papyrus to sulfonamides are optimally resulting that its phytoremediation rate is significantly higher than other plants (p < 0.05), which indicates that plant species is one of the key factors affecting the phytoremediation efficiency of sulfonamides. These findings verify the feasibility of phytoremediation of sulfonamides, and provide new insights into the fate of sulfonamides in the process of phytoremediation.
植物修复已被证明是一种替代原位处理技术，可用于处理磺胺类抗生素污染的废水。然而，在多种磺胺类抗生素共存的植物修复过程中，磺胺类抗生素的命运尚不清楚。因此，本研究通过水培实验，研究了不同湿地植物对十种磺胺类抗生素的植物修复可能性及其机制。不同湿地植物对Σ磺胺类抗生素的植物修复率为 44.5%至 56.9%。质量平衡分析表明，根际生物降解（90.2%-92.2%）主导Σ磺胺类抗生素的植物修复，而水解（7.63%-8.95%）和植物吸收（0.05%-0.17%）的比例较小。值得一提的是，目标磺胺类抗生素在水培系统中的消解遵循一级反应动力学模型，半衰期为 13.3 天至 53.3 天，接近于甚至低于河水、沉积物和养猪废水中的好氧生物降解半衰期。在植物样品中检测到 10 种添加的磺胺类抗生素中的 6 种，这表明在多种磺胺类抗生素共存的情况下，植物具有选择性吸收的能力。在本研究中，磺胺类抗生素（浓度和吸收量）在植物组织中的分布顺序为根>茎>叶，但在茎和叶中的分布还需要进一步研究。香蒲对磺胺类抗生素的吸收和根际生物降解能力最优，导致其植物修复率显著高于其他植物（p<0.05），这表明植物种类是影响磺胺类抗生素植物修复效率的关键因素之一。这些发现验证了磺胺类抗生素植物修复的可行性，并为磺胺类抗生素在植物修复过程中的命运提供了新的见解。
