Gelvan I, Varon M, Rosenberg E
J Bacteriol. 1987 Feb;169(2):844-8. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.2.844-848.1987.
Autocide AMV of Myxococcus xanthus was purified and identified as phosphatidylethanolamine. Alkaline hydrolysis of AMV yielded a high proportion of mono- and diunsaturated fatty acids. The bactericidal activity of AMV on M. xanthus depended upon the density of target cells: the greater the cell density, the greater the killing by AMV. For example, at 2 U of AMV per ml, 0, 50, and 99% killing was measured with 2 X 10(4), 2 X 10(5), and 2 X 10(7) target cells per ml, respectively. The cell-density-dependent activity of AMV was also observed on solid medium. Studies with model lipid compounds suggest that the inhibitory activity of AMV is due to the fatty acid moiety, released from phosphatidylethanolamine by the concerted (enzymatic) activity of many cells. Mutants of M. xanthus selected for resistance to AMI (a mixture of fatty acids) were also resistant to AMV. The possible role of AMV in developmental lysis is discussed.
黄色粘球菌的自溶素AMV被纯化并鉴定为磷脂酰乙醇胺。AMV的碱性水解产生了高比例的单不饱和脂肪酸和双不饱和脂肪酸。AMV对黄色粘球菌的杀菌活性取决于靶细胞的密度：细胞密度越高，AMV的杀伤作用越强。例如，每毫升2个单位的AMV，每毫升分别有2×10⁴、2×10⁵和2×10⁷个靶细胞时，杀伤率分别为0%、50%和99%。在固体培养基上也观察到了AMV的细胞密度依赖性活性。对模型脂质化合物的研究表明，AMV的抑制活性归因于脂肪酸部分，这是由许多细胞的协同（酶促）活性从磷脂酰乙醇胺释放出来的。对AMI（脂肪酸混合物）具有抗性的黄色粘球菌突变体对AMV也具有抗性。文中讨论了AMV在发育性裂解中的可能作用。
