Navalón Ramon Emili, Martínez Pardo Inmaculada, Sendra Barbosa Tamara, Hernández Ferrando Núria, Morcillo Escudero Beatriz, Esquer Hernandis Vicente
Centre de Salut Ontinyent-II. Ontinyent. Valencia. España.
Centro de Salud Pública de Xàtiva. Xàtiva. Valencia. España.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2019 Apr 22;93:e201904017.
The use of mobile immunization teams has been proposed as a strategy to increase influenza vaccination (IV) coverage among healthcare workers (HCW), but has not been evaluated in Primary Healthcare (PHC). The objective of this work was to determine if the use of mobile immunization teams increases IV coverage among HCW of a basic health area in the Valencian Community.
Community intervention trial that included all HCWs from a basic health area in the Valencian Community. The assignment was by conglomerates in one stage, with the HCWs of a health center as an intervention group and that of the rest of the centers as a control group. The intervention group was visited by a team consisting of a doctor and a nurse who offered on-site IV, while the control group did not receive such a visit. The independent variable was the visit of the mobile immunization team and the dependent variable was IV in the study season (2015-2016). Data analysis was done both for the total IV coverage and separately for sex, age, professional category and history of IV in the previous seasons. A McNemar test was used to compare frequency distributions of paired data.
The control group went from 14 (31.8%) vaccinated in the 2014-2015 season to 19 (45.2%) in the 2015-2016 season, while the intervention group went from 19 (30.6%) to 34 (54.8%). Among the total of the WHCs it went from 33 (31.3%) vaccinated to 53 (50.0%). This increase was significant. By groups, the increase was significant among those who received the visit of the mobile team (p = 0.0003), but not in the control group (p = 0.18).
The visit of a mobile immunization team is a significant factor favorable to IV among HCW in our setting.
已提出使用流动免疫团队作为提高医护人员流感疫苗接种率的一项策略，但尚未在初级卫生保健中进行评估。这项工作的目的是确定流动免疫团队的使用是否能提高瓦伦西亚自治区一个基本卫生区域内医护人员的流感疫苗接种率。
社区干预试验，纳入了瓦伦西亚自治区一个基本卫生区域的所有医护人员。采用整群单阶段分组，将一个卫生中心的医护人员作为干预组，其余中心的医护人员作为对照组。干预组由一名医生和一名护士组成的团队进行上门服务，提供现场流感疫苗接种，而对照组未接受此类上门服务。自变量是流动免疫团队的上门服务，因变量是研究季节（2015 - 2016年）的流感疫苗接种情况。对总体流感疫苗接种率以及按性别、年龄、专业类别和前几个季节的流感疫苗接种史分别进行数据分析。使用McNemar检验比较配对数据的频率分布。
对照组在2014 - 2015季节接种人数从14人（31.8%）增至2015 - 2016季节的19人（45.2%），而干预组从19人（30.6%）增至34人（54.8%）。在所有医护人员中，接种人数从33人（31.3%）增至53人（50.0%）。这一增长具有显著性。按组来看，接受流动团队上门服务的人员中增长具有显著性（p = 0.0003），而对照组则不显著（p = 0.18）。
在我们的环境中，流动免疫团队的上门服务是有利于医护人员接种流感疫苗的一个重要因素。
