Appel-da-Silva Marcelo Campos, Zuchinali Priccila, de Oliveira Rogério Fleck, Boligon Caroline Schardong, Riella Caroline, Salazar Gabriela Soranço
Hospital Mãe de Deus.
Nutr Hosp. 2019 Jul 1;36(3):499-503. doi: 10.20960/nh.2348.
Background: malnutrition is a common problem in hospitalized patients, being associated with increased morbidity, mortality and costs. Multiple factors contribute to a deficient nutritional status, making malnutrition the cause or consequence of severe diseases. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a minimally invasive procedure indicated for long-term administration of enteral nutrition in patients with limited ability for oral intake who have an intact, functional gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of patients undergoing PEG in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil. Methods: single-center retrospective study of all patients who underwent PEG from January 1st to December 31st, 2016, in a private tertiary hospital located in southern Brazil. Data were collected retrospectively from the patients' medical records, including nutritional status, indications, complications and outcomes. Results: one hundred and thirty-three patients underwent PEG at our institution and were eligible for inclusion in the study. Median patient age was 82 years, and 57.9% were females. The main indication for PEG was dementia syndrome, followed by stroke. As much as 68.4% were diagnosed as severely malnourished and 23.0% had procedure-related complications. Conclusions: PEG tubes are being increasingly used for enteral nutrition in patients with dysphagia or inability to maintain adequate nutritional intake. The findings of the present study highlight the importance of regular nutritional risk screening by a multidisciplinary team, paying special attention to the patient's nutritional status and conditions that may place the patient at risk of developing dysphagia, with the implementation of measures to minimize malnutrition in hospitalized patients.
营养不良是住院患者的常见问题，与发病率、死亡率增加及费用上升相关。多种因素导致营养状况不佳，使营养不良成为严重疾病的原因或后果。经皮内镜下胃造口术（PEG）是一种微创手术，适用于口腔摄入能力有限但胃肠道完整且功能正常的患者长期给予肠内营养。本研究的目的是确定巴西南部一家三级医院接受PEG治疗的患者概况。方法：对2016年1月1日至12月31日在巴西南部一家私立三级医院接受PEG治疗的所有患者进行单中心回顾性研究。从患者病历中回顾性收集数据，包括营养状况、适应证、并发症及结局。结果：133例患者在我院接受了PEG治疗并符合纳入本研究的条件。患者中位年龄为82岁，57.9%为女性。PEG的主要适应证是痴呆综合征，其次是中风。高达68.4%的患者被诊断为严重营养不良，23.0%发生了与手术相关的并发症。结论：PEG管越来越多地用于吞咽困难或无法维持足够营养摄入的患者的肠内营养。本研究结果强调了多学科团队定期进行营养风险筛查的重要性，特别关注患者的营养状况以及可能使患者有发生吞咽困难风险的情况，并采取措施尽量减少住院患者的营养不良。
