Saande Cassondra J, Steffes Megan A, Webb Joseph L, Valentine Rudy J, Rowling Matthew J, Schalinske Kevin L
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.
Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2019 Mar 11;3(4):nzz015. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzz015. eCollection 2019 Apr.
The literature regarding the relation between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconsistent and there is limited evidence pertaining to the impact of egg consumption on measures of insulin sensitivity.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary whole egg on metabolic biomarkers of insulin resistance in T2D rats.
Male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats ( = 12; 6 wk of age) and age-matched lean controls ( = 12) were randomly assigned to be fed a casein- or whole egg-based diet. At week 5 of dietary treatment, an insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed on all rats and blood glucose was measured by glucometer. After 7 wk of dietary treatment, rats were anesthetized and whole blood was collected via a tail vein bleed. Following sedation, the extensor digitorum longus muscle was removed before and after an intraperitoneal insulin injection, and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle was analyzed by Western blot. Serum glucose and insulin were analyzed by ELISA for calculation of the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
Mean ITT blood glucose over the course of 60 min was 32% higher in ZDF rats fed the whole egg-based diet than in ZDF rats fed the casein-based diet. Furthermore, whole egg consumption increased fasting blood glucose by 35% in ZDF rats. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of key proteins in the insulin signaling pathway did not differ in skeletal muscle of ZDF rats fed casein- and whole egg-based diets. In lean rats, no differences were observed in insulin tolerance, HOMA-IR and skeletal muscle insulin signaling, regardless of experimental dietary treatment.
These data suggest that whole body insulin sensitivity may be impaired by whole egg consumption in T2D rats, although no changes were observed in skeletal muscle insulin signaling that could explain this finding.
关于鸡蛋摄入量与2型糖尿病（T2D）之间关系的文献并不一致，且关于鸡蛋摄入对胰岛素敏感性指标影响的证据有限。
本研究旨在探讨食用全蛋对T2D大鼠胰岛素抵抗代谢生物标志物的影响。
将雄性Zucker糖尿病肥胖（ZDF）大鼠（n = 12；6周龄）和年龄匹配的瘦素对照大鼠（n = 12）随机分为两组，分别喂食基于酪蛋白或全蛋的饮食。在饮食治疗第5周时，对所有大鼠进行胰岛素耐量试验（ITT），并使用血糖仪测量血糖。饮食治疗7周后，将大鼠麻醉，通过尾静脉放血收集全血。麻醉后，在腹腔注射胰岛素前后分别取出趾长伸肌，通过蛋白质免疫印迹法分析骨骼肌中的胰岛素信号。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）分析血清葡萄糖和胰岛素，以计算胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）。
在ITT过程中，喂食全蛋饮食的ZDF大鼠60分钟内的平均血糖比喂食酪蛋白饮食的ZDF大鼠高32%。此外，食用全蛋使ZDF大鼠的空腹血糖升高了35%。在喂食酪蛋白和全蛋饮食的ZDF大鼠的骨骼肌中，胰岛素刺激的胰岛素信号通路关键蛋白的磷酸化没有差异。在瘦素大鼠中，无论实验饮食处理如何，胰岛素耐受性、HOMA-IR和骨骼肌胰岛素信号均未观察到差异。
这些数据表明，食用全蛋可能会损害T2D大鼠的全身胰岛素敏感性，尽管在骨骼肌胰岛素信号中未观察到可解释这一发现的变化。
