Webber Chris, Hardwell Ashley
Sports (Basel). 2019 Apr 19;7(4):92. doi: 10.3390/sports7040092.
Outdoor and adventurous activities (OAA) are now a compulsory component of the primary education curriculum in England, with senior leadership teams exerting significant influence on its delivery in schools. This study considers senior teachers' perceptions and value of the OAA strand of the Physical Education (PE) National Curriculum (NC) in primary education. Six senior teachers from across a large northern city took part in semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using an interpretivist paradigm incorporating a multistage thematic coding process. Findings centred on the lack of guidance given by the NC within OAA and ensuing issues for experienced and less confident teachers of the subject. Different interpretations of OAA were prevalent from traditional skills-based activities to personal and social development through basic activities delivered outside the classroom. Finally, all senior staff highly regarded OAA and offered a strong rationale for its inclusion within curriculum time. The full potential of OAA as a cross-curricular approach to learning in primary education is not being realised and can be partially mitigated by more purposeful integration within teacher education programmes.
户外及冒险活动（OAA）如今是英格兰小学教育课程的必修部分，高级领导团队对其在学校的实施有着重大影响。本研究探讨了小学体育（PE）国家课程（NC）中的户外及冒险活动部分在高级教师眼中的看法和价值。来自北方一个大城市的六位高级教师参与了半结构化访谈。数据采用解释主义范式进行分析，该范式包含一个多阶段主题编码过程。研究结果集中在国家课程在户外及冒险活动方面缺乏指导，以及由此给该学科经验丰富和信心不足的教师带来的问题。对于户外及冒险活动存在不同的理解，从传统的基于技能的活动到通过课堂外开展的基础活动实现个人和社会发展。最后，所有高级职员都高度重视户外及冒险活动，并为将其纳入课程时间提供了有力理由。户外及冒险活动作为小学教育中一种跨学科学习方法的全部潜力尚未得到发挥，通过在教师教育项目中更有针对性地整合可以部分缓解这一问题。
