Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
Nanjing University Ecology Research Institute of Changshu (NJUecoRICH), Changshu 215500, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 19;16(8):1420. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081420.
To investigate the role and microorganism-related mechanisms of macrophytes and assess the feasibility of (Blume) DC. in promoting nitrogen removal in free-water surface constructed wetlands (FWS-CWS) under low temperatures (<10 °C), pilot-scale FWS-CWS, planted with , were set up and run for batch wastewater treatment in eastern China during winter. The presence of macrophytes observably improved the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen (65%-71%) and total nitrogen (41%-48%) ( < 0.05), with a sharp increase in chemical oxygen demand concentrations (about 3-4 times). Compared to the unplanted systems, the planted systems not only exhibited higher richness and diversity of microorganisms, but also significantly higher abundances of bacteria, ammonia monooxygenase gene (amoA), nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ), dissimilatory cd1-containing nitrite reductase gene (nirS), and dissimilatory copper-containing nitrite reductase gene (nirK) in the substrate. Meanwhile, the analysis of the microbial community composition further revealed significant differences. The results indicate that enhanced abundances of microorganisms, and the key functional genes involved with nitrogen metabolism in the planted systems played critical roles in nitrogen removal from wastewater in FWS-CWS. Furthermore, abundant carbon release from the wetland macrophytes could potentially aid nitrogen removal in FWS-CWS during winter.
为了研究大型水生植物的作用和微生物相关机制，并评估在低温（<10°C）条件下（Blume）DC. 在促进自由水面人工湿地（FWS-CWS）中脱氮的可行性，本研究在冬季的中国东部建立并运行了带有大型水生植物的中试规模 FWS-CWS，用于批量处理废水。大型水生植物的存在明显提高了氨氮（65%-71%）和总氮（41%-48%）的去除率（<0.05），化学需氧量浓度急剧增加（约 3-4 倍）。与未种植系统相比，种植系统不仅表现出更高的微生物丰富度和多样性，而且在底物中细菌、氨单加氧酶基因（amoA）、一氧化二氮还原酶基因（nosZ）、异化 cd1 型亚硝酸盐还原酶基因（nirS）和异化铜型亚硝酸盐还原酶基因（nirK）的丰度也显著更高。同时，微生物群落组成的分析进一步揭示了显著的差异。结果表明，种植系统中微生物丰度的增加，以及与氮代谢相关的关键功能基因在 FWS-CWS 中对废水中氮的去除起着关键作用。此外，湿地大型水生植物大量释放的碳可能有助于 FWS-CWS 在冬季去除氮。
