Wu Shubiao, Wallace Scott, Brix Hans, Kuschk Peter, Kirui Wesley Kipkemoi, Masi Fabio, Dong Renjie
College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, PR China.
Naturally Wallace Consulting, 7801 Vauxhill Drive, PO Box 99587, Raleigh, NC 27624, United States.
Environ Pollut. 2015 Jun;201:107-20. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 16.
The application of constructed wetlands (CWs) has significantly expanded to treatment of various industrial effluents, but knowledge in this field is still insufficiently summarized. This review is accordingly necessary to better understand this state-of-the-art technology for further design development and new ideas. Full-scale cases of CWs for treating various industrial effluents are summarized, and challenges including high organic loading, salinity, extreme pH, and low biodegradability and color are evaluated. Even horizontal flow CWs are widely used because of their passive operation, tolerance to high organic loading, and decolorization capacity, free water surface flow CWs are effective for treating oil field/refinery and milking parlor/cheese making wastewater for settlement of total suspended solids, oil, and grease. Proper pretreatment, inflow dilutions through re-circulated effluent, pH adjustment, plant selection and intensifications in the wetland bed, such as aeration and bioaugmentation, are recommended according to the specific characteristics of industrial effluents.
人工湿地（CWs）的应用已显著扩展至各种工业废水的处理，但该领域的知识仍未得到充分总结。因此，有必要进行本综述，以更好地理解这一前沿技术，促进其进一步的设计发展并产生新的思路。本文总结了处理各种工业废水的人工湿地实际案例，并评估了包括高有机负荷、盐度、极端pH值、低生物降解性和色度等方面的挑战。尽管水平流人工湿地因其被动运行、对高有机负荷的耐受性和脱色能力而被广泛应用，但自由水面流人工湿地对于处理油田/炼油厂废水以及挤奶厅/奶酪制造废水以沉降总悬浮固体、油类和油脂是有效的。建议根据工业废水的具体特性进行适当的预处理、通过再循环废水进行进水稀释、pH调节、植物选择以及湿地床强化措施，如曝气和生物强化。
