Lyons Eugene T, Dorton Alan R, Tolliver Sharon C
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Gluck Equine Research Center, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA.
Private Equine Veterinary Practitioner, Versailles, KY, USA.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2016 Jun;3-4:23-26. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.05.007. Epub 2016 May 24.
Activity of fenbendazole (FBZ), oxibendazole (OBZ), piperazine (PIP) and pyrantel pamoate (PRT) alone and combinations of OBZ and PIP and of OBZ and PRT was evaluated against parascarids, strongyles and strongyloides in horse foals (n=281).This was on two farms - Farm A - mixed light-horses (n=26) and Farm B-Thoroughbreds (n=255) - in Central Kentucky in field tests in 2014 and 2015. Foals on both farms were treated one to three times each; an exception was that seven foals on Farm A were nontreated controls. Before treatment, the foals on Farm A were all weighed on scales but weights for Farm B were estimated. Evaluation of the anthelmintics was by recording the number of foals passing specific types of nematode eggs before and after treatment using qualitative and/or quantitative (EPG) methods. Results are: 1) ascarids (parascarids) - efficacy was excellent for OBZ, PIP, OBZ-PIP, and OBZ-PRT; likewise for PRT for one group (in 2014) of Farm A foals but not another group (2015) there. FBZ was inactive against these parasites. 2) strongyles - activity was lacking or incomplete for all of the compounds alone or in combination; it was the best for OBZ-PIP, OBZ-PRT and PRT alone. 3) strongyloides - data indicated no or incomplete activity; it was highest for OBZ and OBZ-PIP. The level of drug activity against parasites in Farm B foals may in some instances have been different if exact rather than estimated body weights had been obtained before treatment like for Farm A foals.
对281匹幼驹进行试验，评估芬苯达唑（FBZ）、奥昔苯达唑（OBZ）、哌嗪（PIP）和噻嘧啶（PRT）单独使用以及OBZ与PIP、OBZ与PRT联合使用对马蛔虫、圆线虫和类圆线虫的驱虫活性。试验于2014年和2015年在肯塔基州中部的两个农场进行——农场A为轻型马混养场（26匹），农场B为纯种马场（255匹）。两个农场的幼驹均接受了1至3次治疗；唯一例外的是，农场A的7匹幼驹为未治疗的对照组。治疗前，农场A的幼驹均用秤称重，而农场B的幼驹体重为估算值。通过定性和/或定量（每克粪便虫卵数，EPG）方法记录治疗前后排出特定种类线虫卵的幼驹数量，以此评估驱虫药的效果。结果如下：1）蛔虫（马蛔虫）——OBZ、PIP、OBZ - PIP和OBZ - PRT的疗效极佳；PRT对农场A的一组幼驹（2014年）疗效同样良好，但对另一组幼驹（2015年）则不然。FBZ对这些寄生虫无活性。2）圆线虫——所有化合物单独或联合使用时活性不足或不完全；单独使用时，OBZ - PIP、OBZ - PRT和PRT的活性最佳。3）类圆线虫——数据表明无活性或活性不完全；OBZ和OBZ - PIP的活性最高。如果像农场A的幼驹那样在治疗前获取准确而非估算的体重，那么农场B幼驹体内寄生虫的药物活性水平在某些情况下可能会有所不同。
