Okubadejo Njideka U, Ozoh Obianuju B, Ojo Oluwadamilola O, Akinkugbe Ayesha O, Odeniyi Ifedayo A, Adegoke Oluseyi, Bello Babawale T, Agabi Osigwe P
1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Lagos State, 100254 Nigeria.
2Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Clin Hypertens. 2019 Apr 15;25:7. doi: 10.1186/s40885-019-0112-1. eCollection 2019.
Hypertension is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and prevalence rates are critical to understanding the burden and envisaging health service requirements and resource allocation. We aimed to provide an update of the current prevalence of hypertension and blood pressure profiles of adults in urban Nigeria.
Cross sectional population-based survey in Lagos, Nigeria. Participants were selected using stratified multistage sampling. Relevant sections of the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance were utilized for data collection. Blood pressures were categorized based on both the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2017 guidelines and the pre-existing Joint National Committee on Hypertension 7 (JNC7) (2003) categories.
There were 5365 participants (51.8% female), age range of 16-92 years, and mean age ± SD 37.6 ± 13.1. The mean ± SD systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 126.8 ± 18.6 and 80.6 ± 13.2 respectively. There was significant correlation between both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and age (Pearson correlation 0.372 and 0.357 respectively and = 0.000 in both instances). The prevalence of hypertension was 55.0% (3003) and 27.5% (1473) based on the ACC/AHA 2017 guideline and the JNC7 2003 guidelines respectively. Body mass index was positively correlated with systolic and diastolic BP (p = 0.000).
Over half of the adult population in this major Nigerian city are classified to have hypertension by the recent guideline. There is an urgent need to develop and implement strategies for primordial prevention of hypertension (and obesity) and to restructure our healthcare delivery systems to adequately cater for the current and emerging hypertensive population.
高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素，其患病率对于了解疾病负担、规划卫生服务需求和资源分配至关重要。我们旨在更新尼日利亚城市成年人高血压的当前患病率及血压概况。
在尼日利亚拉各斯进行基于人群的横断面调查。采用分层多阶段抽样选取参与者。利用世界卫生组织慢性病危险因素监测的逐步方法的相关部分进行数据收集。根据美国心脏病学会/美国心脏协会（ACC/AHA）2017年指南以及先前的高血压防治联合委员会第7版（JNC7）（2003年）分类对血压进行分类。
共有5365名参与者（51.8%为女性），年龄范围为16 - 92岁，平均年龄±标准差为37.6±13.1岁。收缩压和舒张压的平均值±标准差分别为126.8±18.6和80.6±13.2。收缩压和舒张压与年龄均存在显著相关性（皮尔逊相关性分别为0.372和0.357，两者均p = 0.000）。根据ACC/AHA 2017年指南和JNC7 2003年指南，高血压患病率分别为55.0%（3003人）和27.5%（1473人）。体重指数与收缩压和舒张压呈正相关（p = 0.000）。
根据最新指南，这个尼日利亚主要城市超过一半的成年人口被归类为患有高血压。迫切需要制定和实施原发性高血压（和肥胖症）预防策略，并重组我们的医疗服务体系，以充分满足当前和新出现的高血压人群的需求。
