Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
PLoS One. 2019 Apr 24;14(4):e0215719. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215719. eCollection 2019.
Chest pain (CP) is common, frightening, and often medically unexplained. Occupational psychological factors are associated with somatic pain. Personality may influence both perceived working conditions and somatic health, thereby confounding associations of work with health. Despite this, very few studies have investigated the interplay between work factors, personality and pain. The current study assessed relationships of a relatively novel work factor, human resource primacy (HRP), and a personality factor known to be relevant to health, dispositional optimism (Opt), with CP across two years (N = 6714). A series of structural equation models (SEMs) were fitted, modeling "substantive" and "confounded" relationships of psychological factors with CP. A "common latent factor" (CLF) was included to account for bias by unmeasured factors that may have influenced all variables (e.g. reporting bias) and the role of optimism as a possible confounder of the relationship between HRP and CP was investigated specifically. Independent effects of HRP and Opt on CP were observed. No effects of HRP/CP on Opt were observed. Opt appeared to confound the relationship between HRP and CP to some extent. However, best fit was observed for a "reciprocal" model with independent lagged effects from HRP/Opt to CP as well as from CP/Opt to HRP. Thus, results suggested a mutual causal dynamic between HRP and CP along with an influence of Opt on both HRP and CP-implying that working conditions influence the experience of chest pain while the chest pain also influences the experience of working conditions. Optimistic dispositions may influence the experience of both work and pain, but not to an extent that fully explains their relationship. Hence, the notion that associations of HRP with CP are mere artifacts of optimistic/pessimistic reporting was not supported. More likely, complex reciprocal relationships exist between these factors, in which mutual reinforcements occur and both vicious and virtuous cycles may result.
胸痛（CP）很常见，令人恐惧，且通常无法用医学解释。职业心理因素与躯体疼痛有关。人格可能会影响感知到的工作条件和躯体健康，从而混淆工作与健康之间的关联。尽管如此，很少有研究调查工作因素、人格和疼痛之间的相互作用。本研究在两年内评估了相对较新的工作因素人力资源主导地位（HRP）和与健康相关的人格因素——倾向乐观（Opt）与 CP 之间的关系（N=6714）。拟合了一系列结构方程模型（SEM），分别对心理因素与 CP 的“实质性”和“混淆性”关系进行建模。纳入“共同潜在因素”（CLF）来解释可能影响所有变量的未测量因素（例如报告偏差）的偏差，并且特别研究了乐观主义作为 HRP 和 CP 之间关系的混杂因素的作用。观察到 HRP 和 Opt 对 CP 有独立影响。未观察到 HRP/CP 对 Opt 的影响。Opt 在某种程度上似乎混淆了 HRP 和 CP 之间的关系。然而，最佳拟合是在 HRP/Opt 到 CP 以及 CP/Opt 到 HRP 的独立滞后效应的“互惠”模型中观察到的。因此，结果表明 HRP 和 CP 之间存在相互因果动态，以及 Opt 对 HRP 和 CP 的影响，这意味着工作条件会影响胸痛的体验，而胸痛也会影响工作条件的体验。乐观的性格可能会影响工作和疼痛的体验，但不会达到完全解释它们之间关系的程度。因此，HRP 与 CP 的关联仅仅是乐观/悲观报告的人为产物的观点没有得到支持。更有可能的是，这些因素之间存在复杂的相互关系，其中会发生相互加强，并且可能会出现恶性循环和良性循环。
