a Research and Scientific Branch , Queensland Fire and Emergency Services , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2019 Jul;16(7):432-439. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2019.1603388. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Firefighters are exposed to a variety of combustion products during operational fires but also during live-fire training. As part of an on-going project investigating firefighter operational and training environments, this study measured the atmospheric concentrations of volatile organic compounds and acid gases outside and inside the structural firefighting ensembles worn by instructors during compartment fire behavior training using particleboard as a fuel. Atmospheric concentrations of benzene, formaldehyde, and hydrogen cyanide within the firefighting environment were observed to exceed Australian workplace exposure standards; although, the use of self-contained breathing apparatus throughout the training meant that atmospheric concentrations measured were not representative of firefighter inhalation exposures. Concentrations of air contaminants inside the structural firefighting ensembles during compartment fire behavior training were substantially lower than outside the ensembles, and much lower than those documented as potentially causing acute toxic effects in humans by dermal absorption from vapor. Although this study is focused on the generation of air contaminants in compartment fires, dermal absorption in these types of training environments may still constitute a potential route of low-level exposure to some combustion products.
消防员在操作火灾现场以及实战训练中会接触到各种燃烧产物。作为正在进行的一项研究消防员操作和训练环境的项目的一部分，本研究使用刨花板作为燃料，在结构消防服内部和外部测量了在火灾行为训练中使用的教练所穿戴的消防服的大气中挥发性有机化合物和酸性气体浓度。在消防环境中，苯、甲醛和氰化氢的大气浓度被观察到超过了澳大利亚工作场所暴露标准；尽管在整个培训过程中使用自给式呼吸器，但所测量的大气浓度并不能代表消防员的吸入暴露。在火灾舱内行为训练期间，结构消防服内部的空气污染物浓度明显低于服外，也远低于那些因皮肤吸收蒸气而被记录为可能对人体造成急性毒性影响的浓度。虽然本研究的重点是在火灾舱内产生空气污染物，但在这些类型的训练环境中，皮肤吸收仍然可能是接触某些燃烧产物的低水平暴露的潜在途径。
