Nguendon Kenhagho Hervé, Shevchik Sergey, Saeidi Fatemeh, Faivre Neige, Meylan Bastian, Rauter Georg, Guzman Raphael, Cattin Philippe, Wasmer Kilian, Zam Azhar
Biomedical Laser and Optics Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse 14, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland.
Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 3602 Thun, Switzerland.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Apr 24;12(8):1338. doi: 10.3390/ma12081338.
Smart laser technologies are desired that can accurately cut and characterize tissues, such as bone and muscle, with minimal thermal damage and fast healing. Using a long-pulsed laser with a 0.5-10 ms pulse width at a wavelength of 1.07 µm, we investigated the optimum laser parameters for producing craters with minimal thermal damage under both wet and dry conditions. In different tissues (bone and muscle), we analyzed craters of various morphologies, depths, and volumes. We used a two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test to investigate whether there are significant differences in the ablation efficiency in wet versus dry conditions at each level of the pulse energy. We found that bone and muscle tissue ablated under wet conditions produced fewer cracks and less thermal damage around the craters than under dry conditions. In contrast to muscle, the ablation efficiency of bone under wet conditions was not higher than under dry conditions. Tissue differentiation was carried out based on measured acoustic waves. A Principal Component Analysis of the measured acoustic waves and Mahalanobis distances were used to differentiate bone and muscle under wet conditions. Bone and muscle ablated in wet conditions demonstrated a classification error of less than 6.66 % and 3.33 %, when measured by a microphone and a fiber Bragg grating, respectively.
人们期望有智能激光技术，能够以最小的热损伤和快速愈合来精确切割和表征诸如骨骼和肌肉等组织。我们使用波长为1.07 µm、脉冲宽度为0.5 - 10 ms的长脉冲激光，研究了在湿态和干态条件下产生热损伤最小的弹坑的最佳激光参数。在不同组织（骨骼和肌肉）中，我们分析了各种形态、深度和体积的弹坑。我们使用双向方差分析（ANOVA）测试来研究在每个脉冲能量水平下，湿态和干态条件下的烧蚀效率是否存在显著差异。我们发现，与干态条件相比，在湿态条件下烧蚀的骨骼和肌肉组织在弹坑周围产生的裂纹更少，热损伤更小。与肌肉不同，骨骼在湿态条件下的烧蚀效率并不高于干态条件。基于测量的声波进行组织区分。利用测量声波的主成分分析和马氏距离来区分湿态条件下的骨骼和肌肉。当分别通过麦克风和光纤布拉格光栅测量时，在湿态条件下烧蚀的骨骼和肌肉的分类误差分别小于6.66%和3.33%。
