1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
2 Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Breastfeed Med. 2019 Jul/Aug;14(6):390-397. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0043. Epub 2019 Apr 26.
To examine the potential association between exclusive breastfeeding and its duration on physical fitness (PF) components during childhood. A random sample of 5,125 dyads children and their mothers was evaluated. With the use of a standardized questionnaire, telephone interviews were carried out for the collection of maternal lifestyle factors (e.g., breastfeeding and its duration, etc.). Data from five PF tests (e.g., vertical jump, standing long jump, small ball throw, 30-m sprint, and 20-m shuttle run) were used to assess lower and upper body strength, speed, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Linear and logistic regression models were estimated and adjusted for children's body mass index (BMI) and birth weight, and parental factors (prepregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, gestational age, pregnancy , parity before, and educational level). Among boys, exclusive breastfeeding was favorably associated with CRF ( = 0.07), lower body strength ( = 0.41), upper body strength ( = 0.10), and speed ( = -0.11). Also, among girls, we found a favorable association between exclusive breastfeeding and CRF ( = 0.07), lower body strength ( = 0.47), upper body strength ( = 0.10), and speed ( = -0.11). All of the associations remained significant after adjusting for several potential confounders. With the exception of speed test in girls, children who were exclusively breastfed ≥6 months had 10-40% increased odds for average/high performances in PF tests in comparison with those who were breastfed <1 month. Exclusive breastfeeding ≥6 months had a favorable influence on PF test performances in childhood. It seems that exclusive breastfeeding could play a significant role in children's future health.
为了探究纯母乳喂养及其持续时间与儿童身体机能（PF）各成分之间潜在的关联。本研究随机抽取了 5125 对母婴进行评估。通过使用标准化问卷，通过电话访谈收集了母亲的生活方式因素（如母乳喂养及其持续时间等）。使用五项 PF 测试（如垂直跳跃、立定跳远、小球投掷、30 米冲刺和 20 米往返跑）的数据来评估上下肢力量、速度和心肺适能（CRF）。采用线性和逻辑回归模型进行估计，并根据儿童的体重指数（BMI）和出生体重以及父母因素（孕前 BMI、孕期体重增加、胎龄、妊娠、产前产次和教育水平）进行调整。在男孩中，纯母乳喂养与 CRF（ = 0.07）、下肢力量（ = 0.41）、上肢力量（ = 0.10）和速度（ = -0.11）呈正相关。同样，在女孩中，我们发现纯母乳喂养与 CRF（ = 0.07）、下肢力量（ = 0.47）、上肢力量（ = 0.10）和速度（ = -0.11）呈正相关。在调整了几个潜在混杂因素后，所有关联仍然显著。除了女孩的速度测试外，与母乳喂养<1 个月的儿童相比，纯母乳喂养≥6 个月的儿童在 PF 测试中的平均/高分表现的几率增加了 10-40%。纯母乳喂养≥6 个月对儿童 PF 测试表现有良好影响。看来，纯母乳喂养可能对儿童未来的健康起着重要作用。
