State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, 361005, China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, 361005, China; Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Aug 1;676:62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.216. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
Dinoflagellate blooms are the results of rapid cell proliferation governed by cell cycle, a highly-ordered series of events that culminates in cell division. However, little is known about cell cycle progression of the in situ bloom cells. Here, we compared proteomes of the in situ blooming cells of a dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense collected at different cell cycle phases. The blooming P. donghaiense cells completed a cell cycle within 24 h with a high synchronization rate of 82.7%. Proteins associated with photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll synthesis, carbon, nitrogen and amino acid metabolisms exhibited high expressions at the G phase; DNA replication and mismatch repair related proteins were more abundant at the S phase; while protein synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation were highly enriched at the G/M phase. Cell cycle proteins presented similar periodic diel patterns to other eukaryotic cells, and higher expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin dependent kinase 2 at the S phase ensured the smooth S-G/M transition. Strikingly, four histones were first identified in P. donghaiense and highly expressed at the G/M phase, indicating their potential roles in regulating cell cycle. This study presents the first quantitative survey, to our knowledge, of proteome changes at different cell cycle phases of the in situ blooming cells in natural environment and provides insights into cell cycle regulation of the blooming dinoflagellate cells.
甲藻水华是细胞周期快速细胞增殖的结果，细胞周期是一系列高度有序的事件，最终导致细胞分裂。然而，关于原位水华细胞的细胞周期进展知之甚少。在这里，我们比较了不同细胞周期阶段采集的原位生长的东海原甲藻（Prorocentrum donghaiense）细胞的蛋白质组。正在爆发水华的东海原甲藻细胞在 24 小时内完成一个细胞周期，同步率高达 82.7%。与光合作用、卟啉和叶绿素合成、碳、氮和氨基酸代谢相关的蛋白质在 G 期表达水平较高；与 DNA 复制和错配修复相关的蛋白质在 S 期更为丰富；而蛋白质合成和氧化磷酸化在 G/M 期高度富集。细胞周期蛋白呈现出与其他真核细胞相似的周期性昼夜节律模式，S 期增殖细胞核抗原和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 2 的高表达确保了 S-G/M 顺利过渡。值得注意的是，首次在东海原甲藻中鉴定出了四个组蛋白，它们在 G/M 期高度表达，表明它们在调节细胞周期中可能发挥作用。本研究首次对自然环境中原位水华细胞不同细胞周期阶段的蛋白质组变化进行了定量调查，为了解开花甲藻细胞的细胞周期调控提供了新的思路。
