Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2019 Aug;96:38-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.035. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
As native human dura mater has been successfully used as a transplant, the acellular dura mater scaffold is a promising material for the same purpose, that is less prone to transplant rejection. A detailed knowledge of the dura material properties may also aid to tissue engineer customized scaffolds mechanically mimicking the healthy natural condition. Both native and acellular dura have to date not been satisfactorily described concerning their load-deformation properties and the morphology related to scaffold mechanics. We investigated the tensile properties of 18 acellular human dura samples and compared these to the values of 18 matched native counterparts of the same donors. A highly standardized approach in material testing was used with coupled image correlation, involving 3D-printed clamps and fixtures, and adaptation of the tissue water content. The tensile parameters of acellular dura appeared to differ only minutely from the native condition. The removal of cells appeared not to vastly influence the biomechanics of dura. Lower values of the elastic modulus (36 vs. 74 MPa, p < 0.01) and ultimate tensile strength (4 vs. 7 MPa, p = 0.05) of acellular dura compared to the native counterparts were likely the consequence of tissue swelling related to the acellularization procedure. Collagens and proteoglycans remained intact in the acellular state, whereas glycosaminoglycans appeared to decrease. Fibronectin and elastic fibres were exposed by the removal of cells. Consequently, seeding these acellular scaffolds with cells appears not to be necessary from a biomechanical perspective.
由于人类原始硬脑膜已成功用作移植材料，因此去细胞硬脑膜支架是一种很有前途的同种异体移植材料，不易引起移植排斥反应。详细了解硬脑膜材料特性也有助于组织工程定制支架，使其在机械性能上模拟健康的天然状态。迄今为止，天然硬脑膜和去细胞硬脑膜在其负载-变形特性以及与支架力学相关的形态方面尚未得到充分描述。我们研究了 18 个去细胞人硬脑膜样本的拉伸性能，并将这些性能与同一供体的 18 个匹配天然硬脑膜样本的拉伸性能进行了比较。在材料测试中采用了高度标准化的方法，涉及到 3D 打印夹具和固定装置，以及组织水分含量的适应性。去细胞硬脑膜的拉伸参数似乎与天然条件仅有微小差异。细胞去除似乎并未极大地影响硬脑膜的生物力学性能。与天然硬脑膜相比，去细胞硬脑膜的弹性模量（36 对 74 MPa，p < 0.01）和极限拉伸强度（4 对 7 MPa，p = 0.05）值较低，这可能是由于去细胞化过程中组织肿胀所致。在去细胞状态下，胶原和糖胺聚糖保持完整，而糖胺聚糖似乎减少。细胞去除后，纤维连接蛋白和弹性纤维暴露出来。因此，从生物力学角度来看，在这些去细胞支架上接种细胞似乎是不必要的。
