Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2019;163:135-163. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.001. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
Edible medicinal mushrooms have been traditionally used for health promotion and longevity in China and other East Asian countries for centuries. Structural and pharmacological studies revealed that fungal glycans show multiple physiological and healthy promoting effects including immunomodulation, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-radiation, and other effects. Fungal glycans isolated from different kinds of medicinal mushrooms are partially purified and clinically tested. Without serious safety concerns of mostly glycans from edible mushrooms and/or the cultured mycelium, eight of them are approved by Chinese Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) and used clinically in China since 1980s. In this chapter, 185 independent studies involving in biochemical, pharmacological and clinical studies of fungal glycans during the past four decades (1977-2019) from PubMed, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and Wanfang databases are summarized. In future, understanding the fungal glycan-based drugs at molecular biological level would be needed to comprehend the clinical efficacy of glycan-based drugs.
食用药用蘑菇在中国和其他东亚国家已有数百年的历史，被传统用于促进健康和长寿。结构和药理学研究表明，真菌糖具有多种生理和健康促进作用，包括免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗老化、抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂、抗辐射等作用。从不同种类的药用蘑菇中分离出的真菌糖已进行部分纯化和临床测试。由于食用蘑菇和/或培养菌丝中的糖大多没有严重的安全问题，自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，中国食品药品监督管理局（SFDA）已批准其中 8 种用于临床。在本章中，总结了过去四十年（1977-2019 年）从 PubMed、CNKI（中国国家知识基础设施）和万方数据库中获得的 185 项涉及真菌糖的生化、药理和临床研究的独立研究。未来，需要从分子生物学水平了解基于真菌糖的药物，才能理解基于糖的药物的临床疗效。
