Sun Yanan, Lu Xuejing, Williams Mark, Thompson William Forde
Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
R Soc Open Sci. 2019 Mar 13;6(3):181580. doi: 10.1098/rsos.181580. eCollection 2019 Mar.
It is suggested that long-term exposure to violent media may decrease sensitivity to depictions of violence. However, it is unknown whether persistent exposure to music with violent themes affects implicit violent imagery processing. Using a binocular rivalry paradigm, we investigated whether the presence of violent music influences conscious awareness of violent imagery among fans and non-fans of such music. Thirty-two fans and 48 non-fans participated in the study. Violent and neutral pictures were simultaneously presented one to each eye, and participants indicated which picture they perceived (i.e. violent percept, neutral percept or blend of two) via key presses, while they heard Western popular music with lyrics that expressed happiness or Western extreme metal music with lyrics that expressed violence. We found both fans and non-fans of violent music exhibited a general negativity bias for violent imagery over neutral imagery regardless of the music genres. For non-fans, this bias was stronger while listening to music that expressed violence than while listening to music that expressed happiness. For fans of violent music, however, the bias was the same while listening to music that expressed either violence or happiness. We discussed these results in view of current debates on the impact of violent media.
有人认为，长期接触暴力媒体可能会降低对暴力画面的敏感度。然而，持续接触带有暴力主题的音乐是否会影响对暴力意象的隐性处理尚不清楚。我们使用双眼竞争范式，研究了暴力音乐的存在是否会影响此类音乐的粉丝和非粉丝对暴力意象的意识觉察。32名粉丝和48名非粉丝参与了这项研究。暴力图片和中性图片同时分别呈现给一只眼睛，参与者通过按键表明他们看到了哪张图片（即暴力感知、中性感知或两者的混合），同时他们听到的是带有表达快乐的歌词的西方流行音乐，或者是带有表达暴力的歌词的西方极端金属音乐。我们发现，无论音乐类型如何，暴力音乐的粉丝和非粉丝对暴力意象的普遍负面偏好都超过中性意象。对于非粉丝来说，听表达暴力的音乐时这种偏好比听表达快乐的音乐时更强。然而，对于暴力音乐的粉丝来说，听表达暴力或快乐的音乐时这种偏好是相同的。我们结合当前关于暴力媒体影响的辩论对这些结果进行了讨论。
