Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.
J Periodontal Res. 2019 Dec;54(6):624-632. doi: 10.1111/jre.12662. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of oleuropein on ligature-induced alveolar bone loss. In this respect, osteoblastic activity, osteoclastic activity, inflammatory markers, and apoptosis were evaluated.
Oleuropein is a flavonoid, which has potent anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects.
Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups as following: control (C, n = 8) group; periodontitis (P, n = 8) group; periodontitis and low-dose oleuropein group (12 mg/kg/day oleuropein, LDO group, n = 8); and periodontitis and high-dose oleuropein group (24 mg/kg/day oleuropein, HDO group, n = 8). Periodontitis was induced via ligatures. Study period was 14 days, and animals were sacrificed at end of this period. Mandibles were examined via a stereomicroscope and underwent histological procedures. Osteoblast, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast, and inflammatory cell counts were determined in hematoxylin-eosin stained sections. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), bone morphogenetic protein-4, the cluster of differentiation (CD)-68, cysteine-aspartic proteases-3 (Caspase 3), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expressions were evaluated via immunohistochemistry.
Periodontitis group had highest alveolar bone loss, and these levels significantly decreased in LDO and HDO groups. Both 12 and 24 mg/kg oleuropein groups significantly increased osteoblast cell counts and decreased TRAP-positive osteoclast and inflammatory cell counts. BMP-4 and bcl-2 expressions were elevated in oleuropein groups while caspase-3 expressions decreased. iNOS and CD68 were higher in periodontitis group compared to control group, but there was no significant difference between other groups.
Oleuropein successfully decreased alveolar bone loss as a result of decreased osteoclastic activity, inflammation, and apoptosis and increased osteoblastic activity.
本研究旨在评估橄榄苦苷对结扎诱导的牙槽骨丢失的影响。在这方面，评估了成骨细胞活性、破骨细胞活性、炎症标志物和细胞凋亡。
橄榄苦苷是一种类黄酮，具有很强的抗炎和骨保护作用。
32 只 Wistar 大鼠分为四组：对照组（C 组，n=8）；牙周炎组（P 组，n=8）；牙周炎和低剂量橄榄苦苷组（每天 12mg/kg 橄榄苦苷，LDO 组，n=8）；牙周炎和高剂量橄榄苦苷组（每天 24mg/kg 橄榄苦苷，HDO 组，n=8）。通过结扎诱导牙周炎。研究期为 14 天，在研究结束时处死动物。通过体视显微镜检查下颌骨，并进行组织学处理。在苏木精-伊红染色切片中测定成骨细胞、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）阳性破骨细胞和炎症细胞计数。通过免疫组织化学法评估诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、骨形态发生蛋白-4（BMP-4）、分化群（CD）-68、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3（Caspase 3）和 B 细胞淋巴瘤-2（Bcl-2）的表达。
牙周炎组牙槽骨丢失最严重，LDO 和 HDO 组的牙槽骨丢失程度明显降低。12 和 24mg/kg 橄榄苦苷组成骨细胞计数增加，TRAP 阳性破骨细胞和炎症细胞计数减少。橄榄苦苷组 BMP-4 和 Bcl-2 的表达增加，Caspase 3 的表达减少。与对照组相比，牙周炎组 iNOS 和 CD68 表达较高，但其他组之间无显著差异。
橄榄苦苷通过降低破骨细胞活性、炎症和细胞凋亡，增加成骨细胞活性，成功减少牙槽骨丢失。
