Department of Psychology.
Law Hum Behav. 2019 Jun;43(3):263-277. doi: 10.1037/lhb0000329. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
The verbal content of interactions (what was said and who said what) can be important as evidence and intelligence information. Across 3 empirical studies, we examined memory for details of an overheard (Experiment 1) or witnessed (Experiments 2 and 3) conversation using a timeline technique adapted for the reporting of conversations between multiple speakers. Although participants in all conditions received the same general instructions, participants assigned to timeline reporting format reported more verbatim information and made fewer sequencing errors than those using a free recall format. In Experiments 2 and 3, using an extended version of the technique, participants using the timeline reporting format also reported more correct speaker attributions and provided more information about the individuals involved, without compromising overall accuracy rates. With a large effect size across experiments (total = 134), these findings suggest that timeline reporting formats facilitate the reporting of episodic memories and benefit the reporting of conversations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
互动的口头内容（谁说了什么以及谁说的）可能是重要的证据和情报信息。在 3 项实证研究中，我们使用了一种时间线技术来检验对 overheard（实验 1）或 witnessed（实验 2 和 3）对话的细节的记忆，该技术经过改编可用于报告多个说话者之间的对话。尽管所有条件下的参与者都收到了相同的一般说明，但与使用自由回忆格式的参与者相比，被分配到时间线报告格式的参与者报告了更多的逐字信息，并且犯的顺序错误更少。在实验 2 和 3 中，使用该技术的扩展版本，使用时间线报告格式的参与者还报告了更多正确的说话者归因，并提供了有关参与者的更多信息，而不会影响整体准确率。在整个实验中，这一发现的效应量很大（总计 = 134），这表明时间线报告格式有助于报告情节记忆，并有利于报告对话。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
