UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
NBO, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 26;11(5):948. doi: 10.3390/nu11050948.
According to the "developmental origins of health and disease" (DOHaD) concept, maternal obesity predisposes the offspring to non-communicable diseases in adulthood. While a preconceptional weight loss (WL) is recommended for obese women, its benefits on the offspring have been poorly addressed. We evaluated whether preconceptional WL was able to reverse the adverse effects of maternal obesity in a mouse model, exhibiting a modification of foetal growth and of the expression of genes encoding epigenetic modifiers in liver and placenta. We tracked metabolic and olfactory behavioural trajectories of offspring born to control, obese or WL mothers. After weaning, the offspring were either put on a control diet (CD) or a high-fat (HFD). After only few weeks of HFD, the offspring developed obesity, metabolic alterations and olfactory impairments, independently of maternal context. However, male offspring born to obese mother gained even more weight under HFD than their counterparts born to lean mothers. Preconceptional WL normalized the offspring metabolic phenotypes but had unexpected effects on olfactory performance: a reduction in olfactory sensitivity, along with a lack of fasting-induced, olfactory-based motivation. Our results confirm the benefits of maternal preconceptional WL for male offspring metabolic health but highlight some possible adverse outcomes on olfactory-based behaviours.
根据“健康与疾病的发育起源”（DOHaD）概念，母体肥胖会使后代在成年后易患非传染性疾病。虽然建议肥胖女性在受孕前减肥（WL），但其对后代的益处却鲜有研究。我们评估了受孕前 WL 是否能够逆转肥胖母亲对小鼠模型的不利影响，该模型表现为胎儿生长和肝脏及胎盘内编码表观遗传修饰物的基因表达的改变。我们追踪了来自对照、肥胖或 WL 母亲的后代的代谢和嗅觉行为轨迹。断奶后，后代被置于对照饮食（CD）或高脂肪饮食（HFD）中。仅几周的 HFD 后，后代就会出现肥胖、代谢改变和嗅觉障碍，而与母体环境无关。然而，肥胖母亲所生的雄性后代在 HFD 下的体重增加甚至超过了瘦母亲所生的后代。受孕前 WL 使后代的代谢表型正常化，但对嗅觉表现却有意外的影响：嗅觉敏感性降低，以及缺乏禁食诱导的、基于嗅觉的动机。我们的结果证实了母体受孕前 WL 对雄性后代代谢健康的益处，但也强调了对基于嗅觉的行为可能存在一些不利影响。
