家庭运动能力对幼儿运动、认知和社交发展的影响。
The Impact of Home Motor Affordances on Motor, Cognitive and Social Development of Young Children.
作者信息
Zoghi Asiye, Gabbard Carl, Shojaei Masomeh, Shahshahani Soheila
机构信息
Department of Physical Education, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran.
Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
出版信息
Iran J Child Neurol. 2019 Spring;13(2):61-69.
OBJECTIVE
The present study evaluated the influence of home motor affordances on motor, cognitive, and social development of young children.
MATERIALS & METHODS: The sample consisted of 49 Iranian children, aged 24-42 months. This study was conducted in Qouchan, Khorasan, Iran in 2015. They was randomly selected by multi-stage cluster sampling from a single community. Participant's homes were assessed using the Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development (AHEMD). The motor behavior of young child was measured with the Denver Developmental Screening Test, aspects of cognitive development (Total cognitive, Verbal IQ, and non-verbal IQ) were assessed using the Stanford-Binet scale, and finally, social development measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale.
RESULTS
Although no statistically significant correlations were found between Total AHEMD scores and motor development, there were significant and positive correlations (=0.04) for Total AHEMD with total cognitive development (r=0.29), verbal IQ (r=0.29), social development (r=0.33) and (=0.019), SES (r=0.51) with (=0.000). There was a significant relationship between the Play Materials subscale of the AHEMD with total cognitive development (r=0.32) with (=0.024), verbal IQ (r=0.31) and (=0.029), and social development (r=0.35) with (=0.012). In addition, there were significant differences between total AHEMD score with parents who had an academic education.
CONCLUSION
Motor affordances in the home can have a significant positive influence on a young child's cognitive and social development.
目的
本研究评估家庭运动可供性对幼儿运动、认知和社会发展的影响。
材料与方法
样本包括49名24至42个月大的伊朗儿童。本研究于2015年在伊朗霍拉桑省库强进行。他们通过多阶段整群抽样从一个社区中随机选取。使用家庭环境中运动发展可供性评估量表（AHEMD）对参与者的家庭进行评估。使用丹佛发育筛查测试测量幼儿的运动行为，使用斯坦福-比奈量表评估认知发展的各个方面（总认知、言语智商和非言语智商），最后，使用文兰适应行为量表测量社会发展。
结果
虽然未发现AHEMD总分与运动发展之间存在统计学上的显著相关性，但AHEMD总分与总认知发展（r = 0.29）、言语智商（r = 0.29）、社会发展（r = 0.33）以及与社会经济地位（SES，r = 0.51）之间存在显著正相关（P = 0.019），与（P = 0.000）。AHEMD的游戏材料子量表与总认知发展（r = 0.32，P = 0.024）、言语智商（r = 0.31，P = 0.029）和社会发展（r = 0.35，P = 0.012）之间存在显著关系。此外，接受过学术教育的父母的AHEMD总分存在显著差异。
结论
家庭中的运动可供性对幼儿的认知和社会发展可产生显著的积极影响。
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