Uchendu Obioma, Ige Olusimbo, Adeyera Oluwapelumi
Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria; and, Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2019 Apr 17;11(1):e1-e13. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v11i1.1744.
Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine for over 50 years, measles remains a leading cause of death among young children in developing countries.
This study assessed the knowledge and home treatment of measles by caregivers of children under 5 years.
Abebi community, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
A descriptive cross-sectional study of 509 caregivers of children aged 6 months to 5 years in a semi-urban community in Ibadan was conducted using a multi-stage sampling method. An interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of aetiology, main symptoms and signs, and home treatment of measles. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to explore associations at 5% level of significance.
Most of the caregivers were females (96.3%), married (86.1%) and were the biological parents of the children (90.9%). More than half had good knowledge of the cause (59.7%) and main symptoms and signs (52.8%) of measles. However, the composite knowledge was good in 57.6% of caregivers. Over half (54.4%) of the caregivers reported that their children ever had measles. Majority (91.3%) of caregivers whose children had measles gave home treatment, while 24 (8.7%) sought treatment from health facilities alone. There was a significant association between caregivers' educational status, age, tribe and marital status and their knowledge of measles; however, tribe was the only significant predictor of knowledge after regression analysis. Caregivers from other tribes were 3.3 times more likely to have good knowledge of measles than Yoruba caregivers. Caregivers who were 35 years and older compared to those younger than 35 years (OR: 0.625; 95% CI: 0.425-0.921) and those who were not currently married compared to those married (OR: 0.455; 95% CI: 0.273-0.758) had lower odds of having good knowledge of measles, respectively.
Home treatment by caregivers of children with measles is high. Health education on the cause, prevention and treatment of measles should be provided for caregivers.
尽管已有安全有效的疫苗超过50年，但麻疹仍是发展中国家幼儿死亡的主要原因。
本研究评估了5岁以下儿童的照顾者对麻疹的认知及家庭治疗情况。
尼日利亚奥约州伊巴丹的阿贝比社区。
采用多阶段抽样方法，对伊巴丹一个半城市社区中509名6个月至5岁儿童的照顾者进行了描述性横断面研究。使用访谈者管理的结构化问卷收集社会人口学特征、病因知识、主要症状和体征以及麻疹家庭治疗方面的信息。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归在5%的显著性水平上探索关联。
大多数照顾者为女性（96.3%）、已婚（86.1%）且是孩子的亲生父母（90.9%）。超过一半的人对麻疹的病因（59.7%）和主要症状及体征（52.8%）有较好的了解。然而，57.6%的照顾者综合知识良好。超过一半（54.4%）的照顾者报告他们的孩子曾患麻疹。孩子患麻疹的照顾者中，大多数（91.3%）进行了家庭治疗，而24人（8.7%）仅寻求医疗机构的治疗。照顾者的教育程度、年龄、部落和婚姻状况与他们对麻疹的认知之间存在显著关联；然而，回归分析后部落是认知的唯一显著预测因素。来自其他部落的照顾者对麻疹有良好认知的可能性是约鲁巴族照顾者的3.3倍。与35岁及以上的照顾者相比，35岁以下的照顾者（比值比：0.625；95%置信区间：0.425 - 0.921）以及与已婚照顾者相比，未婚照顾者（比值比：0.455；95%置信区间：0.273 - 0.758）对麻疹有良好认知的几率较低。
患麻疹儿童的照顾者进行家庭治疗的比例很高。应为照顾者提供关于麻疹病因、预防和治疗的健康教育。
