Hinnen Deborah, Kruger Davida F
Department of Health and Wellness, Memorial Hospital Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Health, Colorado Springs, CO 80909, USA,
Henry Ford Health System, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Bone and Mineral Disease, Henry Ford Medical Center - New Center One, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019 Apr 4;12:447-455. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S188705. eCollection 2019.
Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to subjects without diabetes, with some data estimating that CV disease (CVD) risk is doubled in these individuals. Additionally, CVD remains the leading cause of death in patients with T2D, so it is paramount to determine the relationship between these two diseases.
Older diabetes treatments have limited CV safety data. In 2008, the US Food and Drug Administration published guidance for manufacturers on antihyperglycemic agents, requiring studies to ensure CV safety of new therapies. Since then, manufacturers of many newer agents have conducted and published results from CV outcomes trials (CVOTs), with more trials due to publish soon. This review discusses the relationship between CVD and T2D and explores findings from the latest CVOTs of glucose-lowering agents to guide nurse practitioners in their prescribing patterns for patients with T2D.
Patients with T2D are at high risk of CVD, so CV risk should be carefully considered when managing these patients, and CV risks and benefits of antidiabetic drugs should be included in prescribing decisions.
与无糖尿病的受试者相比，2型糖尿病（T2D）患者的心血管（CV）风险增加，一些数据估计这些个体的心血管疾病（CVD）风险加倍。此外，CVD仍然是T2D患者的主要死因，因此确定这两种疾病之间的关系至关重要。
早期糖尿病治疗的心血管安全性数据有限。2008年，美国食品药品监督管理局发布了针对抗高血糖药物制造商的指南，要求进行研究以确保新疗法的心血管安全性。从那时起，许多新型药物的制造商进行并公布了心血管结局试验（CVOTs）的结果，还有更多试验即将公布。本综述讨论了CVD与T2D之间的关系，并探讨了降糖药物最新CVOTs的研究结果，以指导执业护士对T2D患者的处方模式。
T2D患者患CVD的风险很高，因此在管理这些患者时应仔细考虑心血管风险，并且在处方决策中应纳入抗糖尿病药物的心血管风险和益处。
